Boundary Layer Flow Past a Stretching Surface in a Porous Medium Saturated by a Nanofluid Brinkman-Forchheimer Model 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Boundary Layer Flow Past a Stretching Surface in a Porous Medium Saturated by a Nanofluid Brinkman-Forchheimer Model 英文参考文献.doc

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Boundary Layer Flow Past a Stretching Surface in a Porous Medium Saturated by a Nanofluid Brinkman-Forchheimer Model 英文参考文献

BoundaryLayerFlowPastaStretchingSurfaceina PorousMediumSaturatedbyaNanofluid:Brinkman- ForchheimerModel WaqarA.Khan1*,IoanM.Pop2 1DepartmentofEngineeringSciences,PNEngineeringCollege,NationalUniversityofSciencesandTechnology,Karachi,Pakistan,2FacultyofMathematics,Universityof Cluj,Cluj,Romania Abstract Inthisstudy,thesteadyforcedconvectionflowandheattransferduetoanimpermeablestretchingsurfaceinaporous medium saturated with a nanofluid are investigated numerically. The Brinkman-Forchheimer model is used for the momentumequations(porousmedium),whereas,Bongiorno’smodelisusedforthenanofluid.Uniformtemperatureand nanofluidvolumefractionareassumedatthesurface.Theboundarylayerequationsaretransformedtoordinarydifferential equations in terms of the governing parameters including Prandtl and Lewis numbers, viscosity ratio, porous medium, Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters. Numerical results for the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles,aswellasforthereducedNusseltandSherwoodnumbersareobtainedandpresentedgraphically. Citation: Khan WA, Pop IM (2012) Boundary Layer Flow Past a Stretching Surface in a Porous Medium Saturated by a Nanofluid: Brinkman-Forchheimer Model.PLoSONE7(10):e47031.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047031 Editor:NikolaiLebedev,USNavalReseachLaboratory,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedJune2,2012;AcceptedSeptember7,2012;PublishedOctober15,2012 Copyright: ? 2012 Khan, Pop. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:Theauthorshavenosupportorfundingtoreport. CompetingInterests:Theauthorshavedeclaredthatnocompetinginterestsexist. *E-mail:wkhan_2000@ Introduction medium. Kaviani [13] transformed the governing equations and solved numerically. Flow in porous media has been the subject of numerous investigations during the past several decades. The interest in this subje