Breeding Experience and the Heritability of Female Mate Choice in Collared Flycatchers 英文参考文献.docVIP

BreedingExperienceandtheHeritabilityofFemaleMate ChoiceinCollaredFlycatchers GergelyHegyi1*,Ma′rtonHere′nyi1,AlastairJ.Wilson2,La′szlo′ ZsoltGaramszegi3,Bala′zsRosivall1 ,Marcel Eens4,Ja′nosTo¨ro¨k1 1BehaviouralEcologyGroup,DepartmentofSystematicZoologyandEcology,Eo¨tvo¨sLora′ndUniversity,Budapest,Hungary,2InstituteofEvolutionaryBiology,Schoolof Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estacio′n Biolo′gica de Don?ana-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain, 4DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofAntwerp,Wilrijk,Belgium Abstract Background: Heritability in mate preferences is assumed by models of sexual selection, and preference evolution may contributetoadaptationtochangingenvironments.However,matepreferenceisdifficulttomeasureinnaturalpopulations as detailed data on mate availability and mate sampling are usually missing. Often the only available information is the ornamentation of the actual mate. The single long-term quantitative genetic study of a wild population found low heritability in female mate ornamentation in Swedish collared flycatchers. One potentially important cause of low heritability in mate ornamentation at the population level is reduced mate preference expression among inexperienced individuals. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Applyinganimalmodelanalysesto21yearsofdatafromaHungariancollaredflycatcher population,wefoundthatadditivegeneticvariancewas50percentandsignificantforornamentexpressioninmales,but less than 5 percent and non-significant for mate ornamentation treated as a female trait. Female breeding experience predicted breeding date and clutch size, but mate ornamentation and its variance components were unrelated to experience. Although we detected significant area and year effects on mate ornamentation, more than 85 percent of varianceinthistraitremainedunexplained.Moreover,theeffectsofareaandyearonmateornamentationwerealsohighly positivelycorrelatedbetweeninexperiencedandexperiencedfemale