Differential Gene Expression and Epiregulation of Alpha Zein Gene Copies in Maize Haplotypes 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Differential Gene Expression and Epiregulation of Alpha Zein Gene Copies in Maize Haplotypes 英文参考文献.doc

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Differential Gene Expression and Epiregulation of Alpha Zein Gene Copies in Maize Haplotypes 英文参考文献

DifferentialGeneExpressionandEpiregulationofAlpha ZeinGeneCopiesinMaizeHaplotypes MihaiMiclaus,Jian-HongXu,JoachimMessing* WaksmanInstituteofMicrobiology,Rutgers,TheStateUniversityofNewJersey,Piscataway,NewJersey,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Multigenictraitsareverycommoninplantsandcausediversity.Nutritionalqualityissuchatrait,andoneofitsfactorsisthe composition and relative expression of storage protein genes. In maize, they represent a medium-size gene family distributedoverseveralchromosomesandunlinkedlocations.Twoinbreds,B73andBSSS53,bothfromtheIowaStiffStock Syntheticcollection,havebeenselectedtoanalyzeallelicandnon-allelicvariabilityintheseregionsthatspanbetween80– 500kb of chromosomal DNA. Genes were copied to unlinked sites before and after allotetraploidization of maize, but before transposition enlarged intergenic regions in a haplotype-specific manner. Once genes are copied, expression of donorgenesisreducedrelativetonewcopies.Epigeneticregulationseemstocontributetosilencingoldercopies,because someofthemcanbereactivatedwhenendospermismaintainedasculturedcells,indicatingthatcopynumbervariation mightcontributetoareserveofgenecopies.Bisulfitesequencingofthepromoterregionalsoshowsdifferentmethylation patternsamonggeneclustersaswellasdifferencesbetweentissues,suggestingapossiblepositioneffectonregulatory mechanisms as a result of inserting copies at unlinked locations. The observations offer a potential paradigm for how differentgenefamiliesevolveandtheimpactthishasontheirexpressionandregulationoftheirmembers. Citation:MiclausM,XuJ-H,MessingJ(2011)DifferentialGeneExpressionandEpiregulationofAlphaZeinGeneCopiesinMaizeHaplotypes.PLoSGenet7(6): e1002131.doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002131 Editor:GregoryP.Copenhaver,TheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedMarch16,2011;AcceptedApril27,2011;PublishedJune23,2011 Copyright: ? 2011 Miclaus et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attributio