Digit Ratio (2D∶4D) Differences between 20 Strains of Inbred Mice 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Digit Ratio (2D∶4D) Differences between 20 Strains of Inbred Mice 英文参考文献.doc

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Digit Ratio (2D∶4D) Differences between 20 Strains of Inbred Mice 英文参考文献

DigitRatio(2D:4D)Differencesbetween20Strainsof InbredMice ReginiaH.Y.Yan1,MarkBunning2,DouglasWahlsten2,3,PeterL.Hurd1* 1DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,Alberta,Canada,2GreatLakesInstitute,UniversityofWindsor,Windsor,Ontario,Canada,3Departmentof Psychology,UniversityofNorthCarolinaatGreensboro,Greensboro,NorthCarolina,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Thesecondtofourthdigitratio(2D:4D)issexuallydifferentiatedinavarietyofspecies,includinghumans,rats,birds,and lizards.Inhumans,thisratiotendstobelowerinmalesthaninfemales.Lowerdigitratiosarebelievedtoindicateincreased prenatal testosterone exposure, and are associated with more masculinized behavior across a range of traits. The story seemsmorecomplicatedinlaboratorymice.Wehavepreviouslyshownthatthereisnosexdifferenceinthedigitratiosof inbredmice,butfoundbehavioralevidencetosuggestthathigher2D:4Disassociatedwithmoremasculinizedbehaviors. Work examining intrauterine position effects show that neighbouring males raise pup digit ratio, suggesting again that higherdigitratiosareassociatedwithincreaseddevelopmentalandrogens.Otherworkhassuggestedthatmasculinization isassociatedwithlowerdigitratiosinlabmice.Here,weexaminethefore-andhindlimbdigitratiosof20inbredmouse strains. We find large inter-strain differences, but no sexual dimorphism. Digit ratios also did not correlate with mice behavioraltraits.Thisresultcallsintoquestiontheuseofthistraitasabroadlyapplicableindicatorforprenatalandrogen exposure.Wesuggestthattheinbredmicemodelpresentsanopportunityforresearcherstoinvestigatethegenetic,and gene-environmentalinfluenceonthedevelopmentofdigitratios. Citation:YanRHY,BunningM,WahlstenD,HurdPL(2009)DigitRatio(2D:4D)Differencesbetween20StrainsofInbredMice.PLoSONE4(6):e5801.doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0005801 Editor:SueHealy,UniversityofSt.Andrews,UnitedKingdom ReceivedDecember27,2008;AcceptedMarch11,2009;PublishedJune4,2009 Copyright:?2009Yanetal.Thisisanopen-accessarticledistributedunderthetermsoftheCreativeComm