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Direct and Dynamic Detection of HIV-1 in Living Cells 英文参考文献.docVIP

Direct and Dynamic Detection of HIV-1 in Living Cells 英文参考文献.doc

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Direct and Dynamic Detection of HIV-1 in Living Cells 英文参考文献

DirectandDynamicDetectionofHIV-1inLivingCells JonasHelma1,4,KatrinSchmidthals1,5,VandaLux2,StefanNu¨ske3,ArminM.Scholz3 ,Hans- GeorgKra¨usslich2,UlrichRothbauer1,5*¤,HeinrichLeonhardt1,4 * 1Department of Biology II, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg,Heidelberg,Germany,3LivestockCenteroftheFacultyofVeterinaryMedicine,LudwigMaximiliansUniversityMunich,Oberschleissheim,Germany,4Center forIntegratedProteinScience,Munich,Germany,5ChromoTekGmbH,Planegg-Martinsried,Germany Abstract InbasicandappliedHIVresearch,reliabledetectionofviralcomponentsiscrucialtomonitorprogressionofinfection.While itisroutinetodetectstructuralviralproteinsinvitrofordiagnosticpurposes,itpreviouslyremainedimpossibletodirectly anddynamicallyvisualizeHIVinlivingcellswithoutgeneticmodificationofthevirus.Here,wedescribeanovelfluorescent biosensortodynamicallytraceHIV-1morphogenesisinlivingcells.Wegeneratedacamelidsingledomainantibodythat specificallybindstheHIV-1capsidprotein(CA)atsubnanomolaraffinityandfusedittofluorescentproteins.Theresulting fluorescent chromobody specifically recognizes the CA-harbouring HIV-1 Gag precursor protein in living cells and is applicable in various advanced light microscopy systems. Confocal live cell microscopy and super-resolution microscopy alloweddetectionanddynamictracingofindividualvirionassembliesattheplasmamembrane.Theanalysisofsubcellular binding kinetics showed cytoplasmic antigen recognition and incorporation into virion assembly sites. Finally, we demonstratetheuseofthisnewreporterinautomatedimageanalysis,providingarobusttoolforcell-basedHIVresearch. Citation: Helma J, Schmidthals K, Lux V, Nu¨ske S, Scholz AM, et al. (2012) Direct and Dynamic Detection of HIV-1 in Living Cells. PLoS ONE 7(11): e50026. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050026 Editor:AlessandroMarcello,InternationalCentreforGeneticEngineeringandBiotechnology,Italy ReceivedAugust27,2012;Accep

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