Disease Mongering Is Now Part of the Global Health Debate 英文参考文献.docVIP

Essay Disease Mongering Is Now Part of the Global Health Debate Ray Moynihan , Evan Doran, David Henry * D isease mongering is the selling of sickness that widens the boundaries of illness in academics, consumer advocates, Notwithstanding our scepticism about the value of anecdotal evidence, and the inadequacy of surrogate markers, we feel there are reliable signs that disease mongering is now part of the global health debate. Within the media, consumer movements, and the professional and research communities, increasing numbers of people are formulating ways to confront the problem, in some cases forcing the pharmaceutical industry to respond. In the United States, which is journalists, public relations experts, and health professionals. Combining plenaries and smaller sessions, the conference heard 44 presentations, including many examples of disease mongering that have subsequently received more public attention. order to grow markets for those who sell and deliver treatments. It is a process that turns healthy people into patients, causes iatrogenic harm, and wastes precious resources [1]. Disease mongering is the contemporary form of “medicalisation.” It is a process now driven by both corporate and professional interests, and it has become part of the global debate about health care. International consumer groups now target drug company– backed disease mongering as a wasteful threat to public health [2], while the global pharmaceutical industry has been forced to defend its promotion of “lifestyle” medicines for problems like slimming and sexual dif?culties [3]. Two years ago, we helped organise the world’s ?rst international conference on disease mongering in Newcastle, Australia, which coincided with a special theme issue of PLoS Medicine on the same subject [4]. The combination of these events sparked signi?cant media interest around the world [5,6] and helped bring global attention to the problem of disease mongering. This attention has been sustained.