Differential Regulation of Strand-Specific Transcripts from Arabidopsis Centromeric Satellite Repeats 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Differential Regulation of Strand-Specific Transcripts from Arabidopsis Centromeric Satellite Repeats 英文参考文献.doc

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Differential Regulation of Strand-Specific Transcripts from Arabidopsis Centromeric Satellite Repeats 英文参考文献

DifferentialRegulationofStrand-Specific TranscriptsfromArabidopsis CentromericSatelliteRepeats Bruce P.May[¤a,Zachary B.Lippman[¤b,Yuda Fang, David L.Spector, Robert A.Martienssen* ColdSpringHarborLaboratory,ColdSpringHarbor,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica Centromeresinteractwiththespindleapparatustoenablechromosomedisjunctionandtypicallycontainthousandsof tandemly arranged satellite repeats interspersed with retrotransposons. While their role has been obscure, centromeric repeats are epigenetically modified and centromere specification has a strong epigenetic component. IntheyeastSchizosaccharomycespombe,longheterochromaticrepeatsaretranscribedandcontributetocentromere function via RNA interference (RNAi). In the higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana, as in mammalian cells, centromeric satelliterepeatsareshort(180basepairs),arefoundinthousandsoftandemcopies, andaremethylated. Wehave found transcripts from both strands of canonical, bulk Arabidopsis repeats. At least one subfamily of 180–base pair repeatsistranscribedfromonlyonestrandandregulatedbyRNAiandhistonemodification.Asecondsubfamilyof repeatsisalsosilenced,butsilencingislostonbothstrandsinmutantsintheCpGDNAmethyltransferaseMET1,the histone deacetylase HDA6/SIL1, or the chromatin remodeling ATPase DDM1. This regulation is due to transcription fromAthila2retrotransposons,whichintegrateinbothorientationsrelativetotherepeats,anddiffersbetweenstrains ofArabidopsis.Silencinglostinmet1orhda6isreestablishedinbackcrossestowild-type,butsilencinglostinRNAi mutants and ddm1 is not. Twenty-four–nucleotide small interfering RNAs from centromeric repeats are retained in met1andhda6,butnotinddm1,andmayhavearoleinthisepigeneticinheritance.HistoneH3lysine-9dimethylation isassociatedwithbothclassesofrepeats.Weproposerolesfortranscribedrepeatsintheepigeneticinheritanceand evolutionofcentromeres. Citation:MayBP,LippmanZB,FangY,SpectorDL,MartienssenRA(2005)Differentialregulationofstrand-specifictranscriptsfromArabidopsisc