Does Time Really Slow Down during a Frightening Event 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Does Time Really Slow Down during a Frightening Event 英文参考文献.doc

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Does Time Really Slow Down during a Frightening Event 英文参考文献

DoesTimeReallySlowDownduringaFrightening Event? ChessStetson1,2,MatthewP.Fiesta2,DavidM.Eagleman3,4* 1CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,Pasadena,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofNeurobiologyandAnatomy,TheUniversityof TexasMedicalSchoolatHouston,Houston,Texas,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3DepartmentofNeuroscience,BaylorCollegeofMedicine,Houston, Texas,UnitedStatesofAmerica,4DepartmentofPsychiatry,BaylorCollegeofMedicine,Houston,Texas,UnitedStatesofAmerica Observers commonly report that time seems to have moved in slow motion during a life-threatening event. It is unknown whetherthisisafunctionofincreasedtimeresolutionduringtheevent,orinsteadanillusionofrememberinganemotionally salient event. Using a hand-held device to measure speed of visual perception, participants experienced free fall for 31m beforelandingsafelyinanet.Wefoundnoevidenceofincreasedtemporalresolution,inapparentconflictwiththefactthat participants retrospectively estimated their own fall to last 36% longer than others’ falls. The duration dilation during a frightening event,andthelackofconcomitantincreaseintemporalresolution,indicatethatsubjectivetimeisnotasingle entitythatspeedsorslows,butinsteadiscomposedofseparablesubcomponents.Ourfindingssuggestthattime-slowingisa functionofrecollection,notperception:aricherencodingofmemorymaycauseasalienteventtoappear,retrospectively,as thoughitlastedlonger. Citation: StetsonC,FiestaMP,EaglemanDM(2007)DoesTimeReallySlowDownduringaFrighteningEvent?PLoSONE2(12):e1295.doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0001295 INTRODUCTION rapid alternation, the bird appears to be resting on the branch. Becausethestimuliarealternatingsorapidlythatthevisualsystem cannot distinguish them temporally; they are seen as though simultaneouslypresent. Temporaljudgments–suchasduration,order,andsimultaneity– aresubjecttodistortions[1].Forexample,perceiveddurationscan bewarpedbysaccades[2,3]orbyanoddballinasequence[4]. Temporal order judgments of actions and sensations can be illusorilyreversedb