Effect of Retirement on Alcohol Consumption Longitudinal Evidence from the French Gazel Cohort Study 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Effect of Retirement on Alcohol Consumption Longitudinal Evidence from the French Gazel Cohort Study 英文参考文献.doc

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Effect of Retirement on Alcohol Consumption Longitudinal Evidence from the French Gazel Cohort Study 英文参考文献

EffectofRetirementonAlcoholConsumption: LongitudinalEvidencefromtheFrenchGazelCohort Study MarieZins1,2*,AliceGue′guen1,2,MikaKivimaki3,7,ArchanaSingh-Manoux1,3,7,AnnetteLeclerc1,2 ,Jussi Vahtera4,5,HugoWesterlund6,JaneE.Ferrie3,7,MarcelGoldberg1,2 1Inserm U1018 Epidemiology of Occupational and Social Determinants of Health - Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Vilejuif, France, 2Versailles-Saint Quentin University, Versailles, France, 3Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom, 4Finnish Institute of OccupationalHealth,Helsinki,Finland,5DepartmentofPublicHealth,UniversityofTurku,Turku,Finland,6StressResearchInstitute,StockholmUniversity,Stockholm, Sweden,7DepartmentofEpidemiologyandPublicHealth,UniversityofHelsinki,Helsinki,Finland Abstract Background: Little is known about the effect of retirement on alcohol consumption. The objectives were to examine changes in alcohol consumption following retirement, and whether these patterns differ by gender and socioeconomic status. MethodsandFindings:Weassessedalcoholconsumptionannuallyfrom5yearsbeforeto5yearsafterretirementamong 10,023 men and 2,361 women of the French Gazel study. Data were analyzed separately for men and women, using repeated-measures logistic regression analysis with generalized estimating equations. Five years prior to retirement, the prevalenceofheavydrinkingwasabout16%amongmen,andnotpatternedbysocioeconomicstatus.Amongwomen,this prevalencewas19.5%inmanagers,14.7%inintermediateoccupations,and12.8%inclericalworkers.Aroundretirement, theestimated prevalenceofheavydrinkingincreased inbothsexes.Inmen,thisincreasewas3.1percentagepoints for managers,3.2inintermediateoccupations,4.6inclericalworkers,and1.3inmanualworkers.Inwomen,thisincreasewas 6.6 percentage points among managers, 4.3 in intermediate occupations, and 3.3 among clerical workers. In men the increase around retirement was followed by a decrease over the following four years, not s