Effects of Italian Smoking Regulation on Rates of Hospital Admission for Acute Coronary Events A Country-Wide Study 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Effects of Italian Smoking Regulation on Rates of Hospital Admission for Acute Coronary Events A Country-Wide Study 英文参考文献.doc

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Effects of Italian Smoking Regulation on Rates of Hospital Admission for Acute Coronary Events A Country-Wide Study 英文参考文献

EffectsofItalianSmokingRegulationonRatesof HospitalAdmissionforAcuteCoronaryEvents:A Country-WideStudy FrancescoBarone-Adesi1*,AntonioGasparrini2,LoredanaVizzini1,FrancoMerletti1,LorenzoRichiardi1 1CancerEpidemiologyUnit,CeRMSandCPO-Piemonte,UniversityofTurin,Turin,Italy,2DepartmentofSocialandEnvironmentalHealthResearch,LondonSchoolof HygieneandTropicalMedicine,London,UnitedKingdom Abstract Background:Severalstudieshavereportedareductioninacutecoronaryevents(ACEs)inthegeneralpopulationafterthe enforcement of smoking regulations, although there is uncertainty concerning the magnitude of the effect of such interventions.Weconductedacountry-wideevaluationofthehealtheffectsoftheintroductionofasmokingbaninpublic places, using data on hospital admissions for ACEs from the Italian population after the implementation of a national smokingregulationinJanuary2005. MethodsandFindings:RatesofadmissionforACEsinthe20ItalianregionsfromJanuary2002toNovember2006were analysed using mixed-effect regression models that allowed for long-term trends and seasonality. Standard methods for interruptedtime-serieswereadoptedtoassesstheimmediateandgradualeffectsofthesmokingban.Effectmodification byagewasinvestigated,withtheassumptionthatexposuretopassivesmokinginpublicplaceswouldbegreateramong youngpeople.Intotal,936,519hospitaladmissionsforACEsoccurredintheItalianpopulationduringthestudyperiod.A 4%reductioninhospitaladmissionsforACEsamongpersonsagedlessthan70yearswasevidentaftertheintroductionof theban(RateRatio[RR],0.96;95%ConfidenceInterval[CI],0.95–0.98).Noeffectwasfoundamongpersonsagedatleast70 years (RR 1.00; 95% CI 0.99–1.02). Effect modification by age was further suggested by analyses using narrower age categories. Conclusions:Smoke-freepoliciescanconstituteasimpleandinexpensiveinterventionforthepreventionofcardiovascular diseasesandthusshouldbeincludedinpreventionprogrammes. Citation: Barone-Adesi F,Gasparrini A,VizziniL, Merletti F,Richiardi L(2011) Effects of Italian Smoking Regu