Evolutionary Consequences of Altered Atmospheric Oxygen in Drosophila melanogaster 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Evolutionary Consequences of Altered Atmospheric Oxygen in Drosophila melanogaster 英文参考文献.doc

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Evolutionary Consequences of Altered Atmospheric Oxygen in Drosophila melanogaster 英文参考文献

EvolutionaryConsequencesofAlteredAtmospheric OxygeninDrosophilamelanogaster MarcCharette,Charles-A.Darveau,SteveF.Perry,HowardD.Rundle* DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofOttawa,Ottawa,Ontario,Canada Abstract TwelvereplicatepopulationsofDrosophilamelanogaster,allderivedfromacommonancestor,wereindependentlyevolved for34+generationsinoneofthreetreatmentenvironmentsofvaryingPO2:hypoxia(5.0–10.1kPa),normoxia(21.3kPa), andhyperoxia(40.5kPa).Severaltraitsrelatedtowholeanimalperformanceandmetabolismwereassayedatvariousstages via ‘‘common garden’’ and reciprocal transplant assays to directly compare evolved and acclimatory differences among treatments. Results clearly demonstrate the evolution of a greater tolerance to acute hypoxia in the hypoxia-evolved populations,consistentwithadaptationtothisenvironment.Greaterhypoxiatolerancewasassociatedwithanincreasein citratesynthaseactivityinflyhomogenatewhencomparedtonormoxic(control)populations,suggestinganincreasein mitochondrial volume density in these populations. In contrast, no direct evidence of increased performance of the hyperoxia-evolvedpopulationswasdetected,althoughasignificantdecreaseinthetoleranceofthesepopulationstoacute hypoxia suggests a cost to adaptation to hyperoxia. Hyperoxia-evolved populations had lower productivity overall (i.e., across treatmentenvironments) andtherewasnoevidencethathypoxia orhyperoxia-evolvedpopulationshadgreatest productivity or longevity in their respective treatment environments, suggesting that these assays failed to capture the componentsoffitnessrelevanttoadaptation. Citation: CharetteM,DarveauC-A,PerrySF,RundleHD(2011)EvolutionaryConsequencesofAltered AtmosphericOxygeninDrosophila melanogaster .PLoS ONE6(10):e26876.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026876 Editor:DorisKretzschmar,OregonHealthandScienceUniversity,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedJune23,2011;AcceptedOctober5,2011;PublishedOctober28,2011 Copyright: ? 2011 Charette et al. This is an open-access article distributed under