Exposed Hydrophobic Residues in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Helix-1 Are Important for Cell Cycle Arrest and Cell Death 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Exposed Hydrophobic Residues in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Helix-1 Are Important for Cell Cycle Arrest and Cell Death 英文参考文献.doc

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Exposed Hydrophobic Residues in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Helix-1 Are Important for Cell Cycle Arrest and Cell Death 英文参考文献

ExposedHydrophobicResiduesinHuman ImmunodeficiencyVirusType1VprHelix-1Are ImportantforCellCycleArrestandCellDeath R.AnthonyBarnitz1,2¤a,BenjaminChaigne-Delalande1,DianeL.Bolton1¤b,MichaelJ.Lenardo1,2 * 1Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, 2ImmunologyGraduateGroup,UniversityofPennsylvania,Philadelphia,Pennsylvania,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Thehumanimmunodeficiencyvirustype1(HIV-1)accessoryproteinviralproteinR(Vpr)isamajordeterminantforvirus- inducedG2/Mcellcyclearrestandcytopathicity.Vpristhoughttoperformthesefunctionsthroughtheinteractionwith partnerproteins.TheNMRstructureofVprrevealedsolventexposedhydrophobicaminoacidsalonghelices1and3ofVpr, whichcouldbeputativeproteinbindingdomains.Wepreviouslyshowedthatthehydrophobicpatchalonghelix-3was importantforG2/Mblockadeandcytopathicity.Mutationsoftheexposedhydrophobicresiduesalonghelix-1werefound toreduceVpr-inducedcellcyclearrestandcelldeathaswell.ThelevelsoftoxicityduringviriondeliveryofVprcorrelated withG2/Marrest.Thus,theexposedhydrophobicaminoacidsintheamino-terminalhelix-1areimportantforthecellcycle arrestandcytopathicityfunctionsofVpr. Citation:BarnitzRA,Chaigne-DelalandeB,BoltonDL,LenardoMJ(2011)ExposedHydrophobicResiduesinHumanImmunodeficiencyVirusType1VprHelix-1 AreImportantforCellCycleArrestandCellDeath.PLoSONE6(9):e24924.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024924 Editor:RalphTripp,UniversityofGeorgia,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedOctober12,2010;AcceptedAugust24,2011;PublishedSeptember16,2011 Thisisanopen-accessarticle,freeofallcopyright,andmaybefreelyreproduced,distributed,transmitted,modified,builtupon,orotherwiseusedbyanyonefor anylawfulpurpose.TheworkismadeavailableundertheCreativeCommonsCC0publicdomaindedication. Funding:Thisresearchwassupported bytheIntramural ResearchProgramoftheNationalInstitute ofAllergyandInfectiousDiseases, NationalInstitutesof Health,USA.Thefundershadnorolei