Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields and Sleep Quality A Prospective Cohort Study 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields and Sleep Quality A Prospective Cohort Study 英文参考文献.doc

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Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields and Sleep Quality A Prospective Cohort Study 英文参考文献

ExposuretoRadiofrequencyElectromagneticFieldsand SleepQuality:AProspectiveCohortStudy EvelynMohler1,2,PatriziaFrei1,2,Ju¨rgFro¨hlich3,CharlotteBraun-Fahrla¨nder1,2,MartinRo¨o¨sli1,2* ,the QUALIFEX-team¤ 1SwissTropicalandPublicHealthInstitute,Basel,Switzerland,2UniversityofBasel,Basel,Switzerland,3LaboratoryforElectromagneticFieldsandMicrowaveElectronics, ETHZu¨rich,Zu¨rich,Switzerland Abstract Background:Thereispersistentpublicconcernaboutsleepdisturbancesduetoradiofrequencyelectromagneticfield(RF- EMF) exposure. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate whether sleep quality is affected by mobile phoneuseorbyotherRF-EMFsourcesintheeverydayenvironment. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study with 955 study participants aged between 30 and 60 years. Sleep qualityanddaytimesleepinesswasassessedbymeansofstandardizedquestionnairesinMay2008(baseline)andMay2009 (follow-up).Wealsoaskedaboutmobileandcordlessphoneuseandaskedstudyparticipantsforconsenttoobtaintheir mobilephoneconnectiondatafromthemobilephoneoperators.ExposuretoenvironmentalRF-EMFwascomputedfor each study participant using a previously developed and validated prediction model. In a nested sample of 119 study participants, RF-EMF exposure was measured in the bedroom and data on sleep behavior was collected by means of actigraphyduringtwoweeks.Datawereanalyzedusingmultivariableregressionmodelsadjustedforrelevantconfounders. Results: In the longitudinal analyses neither operator-recorded nor self-reported mobile phone use was associated with sleepdisturbancesordaytimesleepiness.Also,exposuretoenvironmentalRF-EMFdidnotaffectself-reportedsleepquality. Theresultsfromthelongitudinalanalyseswereconfirmedinthenestedsleepstudywithobjectivelyrecordedexposureand measuredsleepbehaviordata. Conclusions: We did not find evidence for adverse effects on sleep quality from RF-EMF exposure in our everyday environment. Citation: Mohler E, Frei P, Fro¨hlich J, Braun-Fahrla¨nder C, Ro¨o¨sli M, et al. (2