Extracellular Production and Degradation of Superoxide in the Coral Stylophora pistillata and Cultured Symbiodinium 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Extracellular Production and Degradation of Superoxide in the Coral Stylophora pistillata and Cultured Symbiodinium 英文参考文献.doc

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Extracellular Production and Degradation of Superoxide in the Coral Stylophora pistillata and Cultured Symbiodinium 英文参考文献

ExtracellularProductionandDegradationofSuperoxide intheCoralStylophorapistillataandCultured Symbiodinium EldadSaragosti1,2,DanTchernov1,2¤,AdiKatsir3,YealaShaked1,4* 1InteruniversityInstituteforMarineSciences,Eilat,Israel,2DepartmentofEvolution,SystematicsandEcology,AlexanderSilbermanInstituteofLifeSciences,Hebrew UniversityofJerusalem,Eilat,Israel,3DepartmentofLifeSciences,BenGurionUniversityoftheNegev,BeerSheva,Israel,4FredyNadineHerrmannInstituteofEarth Sciences,HebrewUniversityofJerusalem,Eilat,Israel Abstract Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to play a major role in cell death pathways and bleaching in scleractinian corals. Direct measurements of ROS in corals are conspicuously in short supply, partly due to inherent problemswithROSquantificationincellularsystems. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Inthisstudywecharacterizedthedynamicsofthereactiveoxygenspeciessuperoxideanion radical(O22)intheexternalmilieuofthecoralStylophorapistillata.Usingasensitive,rapidandselectivechemiluminesence-based technique, we measured extracellular superoxide production and detoxification activity of symbiont (non-bleached) and aposymbiont(bleached)corals,andofculturedSymbiodinium(fromcladesAandC).Bleachedandnon-bleachedStylophora fragmentswerefoundtoproducesuperoxideatcomparableratesof10211–1029molO22mgprotein21min21inthedark.In thelight,atwo-foldenhancementinO22productionrateswasobservedinnon-bleachedcorals,butnotinbleachedcorals. CulturedSymbiodiniumproducedsuperoxideinthedarkatarateof10{18{10{16molO2{cell{1min{1.Lightwasfoundto markedlyenhanceO22production.TheNADPHOxidaseinhibitorDiphenyleneiodoniumchloride(DPI)stronglyinhibitedO22 productionbycorals(andmoremoderatelybyalgae),possiblysuggestinganinvolvementofNADPHOxidaseintheprocess.An extracellularO22detoxifyingactivitywasfoundforbleachedandnon-bleachedStylophorabutnotforSymbiodinium.TheO22 detoxifyingactivitywaspartiallycharacterizedandfoundtoresemblethatoftheenzymesuperoxidedismutase(SOD). Conclusions/Signif