Gender Differences of Brain Activity in the Conflicts Based on Implicit Self-Esteem 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Gender Differences of Brain Activity in the Conflicts Based on Implicit Self-Esteem 英文参考文献.doc

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Gender Differences of Brain Activity in the Conflicts Based on Implicit Self-Esteem 英文参考文献

GenderDifferencesofBrainActivityintheConflicts BasedonImplicitSelf-Esteem ReikoMiyamoto1,YoshiakiKikuchi2* 1DivisionofOccupationalTherapy,FacultyofHealthSciences,TokyoMetropolitanUniversity,Tokyo,Japan,2DepartmentofFrontierHealthScience,GraduateSchoolof HumanHealthSciences,TokyoMetropolitanUniversity,Tokyo,Japan Abstract There are gender differences in global and domain-specific self-esteem and the incidence of some psychiatric disorders relatedtoself-esteem,suggestingthattherearegenderdifferencesintheneuralbasisunderlyingone’sownself-esteem. Weinvestigatedgenderdifferencesinthebrainactivitywhilesubjects(14malesand12females)performedanimplicitself- esteemtask,usingfMRI.Whileventromedialprefrontalcortex(vmPFC)wassignificantlyactivatedinfemales,medialand dorsomedial PFC (dmPFC) were activated in males in the incongruent condition (self=negative) compared with the congruent condition (self=positive). Additionally, scores on the explicit self-esteem test were negatively correlated with vmPFCactivityinfemalesandpositivelycorrelatedwithdmPFCactivityinmales.Furthermore,thefunctionalrelationships amongtheregionsfoundbydirectgendercomparisonswerediscussedbasedonthesomatic-markermodel.Theseshowed that, compared to males, females more firmly store even the incongruent associations as part of their schematic self- knowledge,andsuchassociationsautomaticallyactivatetheneuralnetworksforemotionalresponseandcontrol,inwhich vmPFCplaysacentralrole.Thismayexplainfemalecognitive/behavioraltraits;femaleshavemoretendencytoruminate moreoftenthanmales,whichsometimesresultsinaprolongednegativeaffect. Citation:MiyamotoR,KikuchiY(2012)GenderDifferencesofBrainActivityintheConflictsBasedonImplicitSelf-Esteem.PLoSONE7(5):e37901.doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0037901 Editor:BenJ.Harrison,TheUniversityofMelbourne,Australia ReceivedAugust22,2011;AcceptedApril27,2012;PublishedMay30,2012 Copyright:?2012Miyamoto,Kikuchi.Thisisanopen-accessarticledistributedunderthetermsoftheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense