Functional Polymorphism of the Mu-Opioid Receptor Gene (OPRM1) Influences Reinforcement Learning in Humans 英文参考文献.docVIP

下载本文档

5
0
约3.48万字
约 6页
2017-05-11 发布于上海
举报
版权申诉

Functional Polymorphism of the Mu-Opioid Receptor Gene (OPRM1) Influences Reinforcement Learning in Humans 英文参考文献.doc

1、本文档共6页，可阅读全部内容。
2、原创力文档（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。
3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击这里二次下载。
4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
5、该文档为VIP文档，如果想要下载，成为VIP会员后，下载免费。
6、成为VIP后，下载本文档将扣除1次下载权益。下载后，不支持退款、换文档。如有疑问请联系我们。
7、成为VIP后，您将拥有八大权益，权益包括：VIP文档下载权益、阅读免打扰、文档格式转换、高级专利检索、专属身份标志、高级客服、多端互通、版权登记。
8、VIP文档为合作方或网友上传，每下载1次，网站将根据用户上传文档的质量评分、类型等，对文档贡献者给予高额补贴、流量扶持。如果你也想贡献VIP文档。上传文档

Functional Polymorphism of the Mu-Opioid Receptor Gene (OPRM1) Influences Reinforcement Learning in Humans 英文参考文献

FunctionalPolymorphismoftheMu-OpioidReceptor Gene(OPRM1)InfluencesReinforcementLearningin Humans MaryR.Lee1*,CourtneyL.Gallen1,XiaochuZhang1,ColinA.Hodgkinson2,DavidGoldman2,ElliotA. Stein1,ChristinaS.Barr2 1NationalInstituteonDrugAbuse,IntramuralResearchProgram,Baltimore,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2NationalInstituteonAlcoholAbuseandAlcoholism, IntramuralResearchProgram,Rockville,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Previousreportsonthefunctionaleffects(i.e.,gainorlossoffunction),andphenotypicoutcomes(e.g.,changesinaddiction vulnerability andstress response) of acommonly occurring functional single nucleotidepolymorphism (SNP) of themu- opioid receptor (OPRM1 A118G) have been inconsistent. Here we examine the effect of this polymorphism on implicit rewardlearning.Weusedaprobabilisticsignaldetectiontasktodeterminewhetherthispolymorphismimpactsresponse biastomonetaryrewardin63healthyadultsubjects:51AAhomozygotesand12Gallelecarriers.OPRM1AAhomozygotes exhibitedtypicalrespondingtotherewardedresponse—thatis,theirbiastotherewardedstimulusincreasedovertime. However, OPRM1 G allele carriers exhibited a decline in response to the rewarded stimulus compared to the AA homozygotes.Theseresultsextendpreviousreportsontheheritabilityofperformanceonthistaskbyimplicatingaspecific polymorphism. Through comparison with other studies using this task, we suggest a possible mechanism by which the OPRM1 polymorphism may confer reduced response to natural reward through a dopamine-mediated decrease during positivereinforcementlearning. Citation:LeeMR,GallenCL,ZhangX,HodgkinsonCA,GoldmanD,etal.(2011)FunctionalPolymorphismoftheMu-OpioidReceptorGene(OPRM1)Influences ReinforcementLearninginHumans.PLoSONE6(9):e24203.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024203 Editor:AntonioVerdejoGarc?′a,UniversityofGranada,Spain ReceivedFebruary3,2011;AcceptedAugust6,2011;PublishedSeptember2,2011 Thisisanopen-accessarticle,freeofallcopyright,andmaybefreelyreproduced,distributed,transmitted,modified,builtupon,oro