Genetic and Linguistic Coevolution in Northern Island Melanesia 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Genetic and Linguistic Coevolution in Northern Island Melanesia 英文参考文献.doc

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Genetic and Linguistic Coevolution in Northern Island Melanesia 英文参考文献

GeneticandLinguisticCoevolutioninNorthernIsland Melanesia KeithHunley1*,MichaelDunn2,3,EvaLindstro¨m4,GerReesink2,AngelaTerrill2,MeghanE.Healy1, GeorgeKoki5,Franc?oise R.Friedlaender6,JonathanS.Friedlaender7 1Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America, 2Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, 3Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, 4Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden, 5Human Genetics, Institute for Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea, 6Independent Researcher, Sharon, Connecticut, United States of America, 7DepartmentofAnthropology,TempleUniversity,Philadelphia,Pennsylvania,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract RecentstudieshavedetailedaremarkabledegreeofgeneticandlinguisticdiversityinNorthernIslandMelanesia.Herewe utilizethatdiversitytoexaminetwomodelsofgeneticandlinguisticcoevolution.Thefirstmodelpredictsthatgeneticand linguisticcorrespondencesformedfollowingpopulationsplitsandisolationatthetimeofearlyrangeexpansionsintothe region.Thesecondisanalogoustothegeneticmodelofisolationbydistance,anditpredictsthatgeneticandlinguistic correspondencesformedthroughcontinuinggeneticandlinguisticexchangebetweenneighboringpopulations.Wetested the predictions of the two models by comparing observed and simulated patterns of genetic variation, genetic and linguistic trees, and matrices of genetic, linguistic, and geographic distances. The data consist of 751 autosomal microsatellitesand108structurallinguisticfeaturescollectedfrom33NorthernIslandMelanesianpopulations.Theresults ofthetestsindicatethatlinguisticandgeneticexchangehaveerasedanyevidenceofasplittingandisolationprocessthat mighthaveoccurredearlyinthesettlementhistoryoftheregion.Thecorrelationpatternsarealsoinconsistentwiththe predictionsoftheisolationbydistancecoevolutionaryprocessinthelargerNorthernIslandMelanesianregion,butthereis strongevidencefortheprocessi