High Prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum Infection in Carabao from Samar Province, the Philippines Implications for Transmission and Control 英文参考文献.docVIP

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High Prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum Infection in Carabao from Samar Province, the Philippines Implications for Transmission and Control 英文参考文献.doc

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High Prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum Infection in Carabao from Samar Province, the Philippines Implications for Transmission and Control 英文参考文献

HighPrevalenceofSchistosomajaponicumInfectionin CarabaofromSamarProvince,thePhilippines: ImplicationsforTransmissionandControl CatherineA.Gordon1,2*,LuzP.Acosta3,DarrenJ.Gray1,2,4,RemigoM.Olveda3,BlancaJarilla3, GeoffreyN.Gobert1,AllenG.Ross4,DonaldP.McManus1 1MolecularParasitologyLaboratory,InfectiousDiseasesDivision,QueenslandInstituteofMedicalResearch,Brisbane,Australia,2InfectiousDiseaseEpidemiologyUnit, School of Population Health, University ofQueensland, Brisbane, Australia, 3DepartmentofImmunology,Research Institute of Tropical Medicine, Manila, Philippines, 4GriffithHealthInstitute,GriffithUniversity,Queensland,Australia Abstract Schistosoma japonicum is endemic in the Philippines, China and Indonesia, and infects more than 40 mammalian host species,allofwhichcanactasreservoirsofinfection.InChina,waterbuffaloeshavebeenshowntobemajorreservoirsof humaninfection.However,inthePhilippines,carabaohavenotbeenconsideredimportantreservoirhostsforS.japonicum duetothelowprevalenceandinfectionintensitiesreported,theonlyexceptionbeingaqPCR-basedstudyindicating51% ofcarabaowereS.japonicum-positive.However,thelowprevalencefoundforthesameanimalswhenusingconventional copro-parasitological techniques means that there is still confusion about the role of carabao in the transmission of schistosomiasis japonicum. To address this inconsistency, and to shed light on the potential role of carabao in the transmission of S. japonicum in the Philippines, we undertook a pilot survey, collecting fecal samples from animals in WesternSamarProvinceandweusedacombinationofmolecularandcopro-parasitologicaltechniquestodeterminethe prevalenceandintensityofS.japonicum.WefoundahighprevalenceofS.japonicuminthecarabaousingavalidatedreal- time PCR (qPCR) and a copro-parasitological tool, the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation (FEA-SD) technique. A much lowerprevalenceofS.japonicumwasrecordedforthesamefecalsamplesusingconventionalPCR,theKato-Katztechnique andmiracidialhatching.Theseresultssugges