Metagenomic Analysis of Taxa Associated with Lutzomyia longipalpis, Vector of Visceral Leishmaniasis, Using an Unbiased High-Throughput Approach 英文参考文献.docVIP

MetagenomicAnalysisofTaxaAssociatedwith Lutzomyialongipalpis,VectorofVisceralLeishmaniasis, UsinganUnbiasedHigh-ThroughputApproach ChristinaB.McCarthy1,2*,LuisA.Diambra1,RolandoV.RiveraPomar1,2 1 Centro Regional de Estudios Geno′micos, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2 Departamento de Ciencias Ba′sicas y Experimentales, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina Abstract Background: Leishmaniasis is one of the most diverse and complex of all vector-borne diseases worldwide. It is caused by parasites of the genusLeishmania, obligate intramacrophage protists characterised by diversity and complexity. Its most severe form is visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a systemic disease that is fatal if left untreated. In Latin America VL is caused by Leishmaniainfantumchagasi and transmitted byLutzomyialongipalpis. This phlebotomine sandfly is only found in the New World, from Mexico to Argentina. In South America, migration and urbanisation have largely contributed to the increase of VL as a public health problem. Moreover, the first VL outbreak was recently reported in Argentina, which has already caused 7 deaths and 83 reported cases. Methodology/Principal Findings: An inventory of the microbiota associated with insect vectors, especially of wild specimens, would aid in the development of novel strategies for controlling insect vectors. Given the recent VL outbreak in Argentina and the compelling need to develop appropriate control strategies, this study focused on wild male and female Lu.longipalpis from an Argentine endemic (Posadas, Misiones) and a Brazilian non-endemic (Lapinha Cave, Minas Gerais) VL location. Previous studies on wild and laboratory reared femaleLu.longipalpis have described gut bacteria using standard bacteriological met