Multilocus Genotyping of Human Giardia Isolates Suggests Limited Zoonotic Transmission and Association between Assemblage B and Flatulence in Children 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Multilocus Genotyping of Human Giardia Isolates Suggests Limited Zoonotic Transmission and Association between Assemblage B and Flatulence in Children 英文参考文献.doc

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Multilocus Genotyping of Human Giardia Isolates Suggests Limited Zoonotic Transmission and Association between Assemblage B and Flatulence in Children 英文参考文献

MultilocusGenotypingofHumanGiardiaIsolates SuggestsLimitedZoonoticTransmissionandAssociation betweenAssemblageBandFlatulenceinChildren MarianneLebbad1,2,IngvorPetersson3,LillemorKarlsson4,SilviaBotero-Kleiven1,JanO.Andersson5, BoSvenungsson3,StaffanG.Sva¨rd2,6* 1DepartmentofDiagnosticsandVaccinology,SwedishInstituteforCommunicableDiseaseControl,Solna,Sweden,2MicrobiologyandTumorBiologyCentre,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden,3DepartmentofCommunicableDiseaseControlandPrevention,StockholmCountyCouncil,Stockholm,Sweden,4DepartmentofClinical Microbiology,KarolinskaUniversityHospital,Stockholm,Sweden,5DepartmentofMolecularEvolution,EvolutionaryBiologyCentre,UppsalaUniversity,Uppsala,Sweden, 6DepartmentofCellandMolecularBiology,UppsalaUniversity,Uppsala,Sweden Abstract Background:Giardiaintestinalisisoneofthemostcommondiarrhea-relatedparasitesinhumans,whereinfectionranges from asymptomatic to acute or chronic disease. G. intestinalis consists of eight genetically distinct genotypes or assemblages, designated A–H, and assemblages A and B can infect humans. Giardiasis has been classified as a possible zoonoticdiseasebuttheroleofanimalsinhumandiseasetransmissionstillneedstobeproven.Wetriedtolinkdifferent assemblages and sub-assemblages of G. intestinalis isolates from Swedish human patients to clinical symptoms and zoonotictransmission. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Multilocussequence-basedgenotypingof207humanGiardiaisolatesusingthreegene loci: ?-giardin, glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) was combined with assemblage- specifictpiPCRs.Thisanalysisidentified73patientsinfectedwithassemblageA,128withassemblageB,andsixwithmixed assemblagesA+B.Multilocusgenotypes(MLGs)wereeasilydeterminedfortheassemblageAisolates,andmostpatients withthisgenotypehadapparentlybeeninfectedthroughanthroponotictransmission.However,wealsofoundevidenceof limitedzoonotictransmissionofGiardiainSweden,sinceafewdomestichumaninfectionsinvolvedthesameassemblageA MLGspre