Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Potentially Involved in the TB Epidemic in Sweden a Century Ago 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Potentially Involved in the TB Epidemic in Sweden a Century Ago 英文参考文献.doc

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Potentially Involved in the TB Epidemic in Sweden a Century Ago 英文参考文献

MycobacteriumtuberculosisStrainsPotentiallyInvolved intheTBEpidemicinSwedenaCenturyAgo RamonaGroenheit1*,SolomonGhebremichael1,AlexandraPennhag1,JerkerJonsson1,SvenHoffner1, DavidCouvin2,TuijaKoivula1,3,NalinRastogi2,GunillaKa¨llenius3 1Department of Preparedness, Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control, Solna, Sweden, 2Tuberculosis and Mycobacteria Unit, WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe, France, 3Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, So¨dersjukhuset, Stockholm,Sweden Abstract Ahundredyearsagotheprevalenceoftuberculosis(TB)inSwedenwasoneofthehighestintheworld.Inthisstudywe conductedapopulation-basedsearchfordistinctstrainsofMycobacteriumtuberculosiscomplexisolatedfrompatientsborn in Sweden before 1945. Many of these isolates represent the M. tuberculosis complex population that fueled the TB epidemicinSwedenduringthefirsthalfofthe20th century. Methods: Genetic relationships between strains that caused the epidemic and present day strains were studied by spoligotypingandrestrictionfragmentlengthpolymorphism. Results:ThemajorityoftheisolatesfromtheelderlypopulationwereevolutionaryrecentPrincipalGeneticGroup(PGG)2/3 strains (363/409 or 88.8%), and only a low proportion were ancient PGG1 strains (24/409 or 5.9%). Twenty-two were undefined.TheisolatesdemonstratedapopulationwheretheEuro-Americansuperlineagedominated;inparticularwith Haarlem (41.1%) and T (37.7%) spoligotypes and only 21.2% belonged to other spoligotype families. Isolates from the elderlypopulationclusteredmuchlessfrequentlythandidisolatesfromayoungcontrolgrouppopulation. Conclusions: A closely knit pool of PGG2/3 strains restricted to Sweden and its immediate neighbours appears to have playedaroleintheepidemic,whilePGG1strainsareusuallylinkedtomigrantsintodaysSweden.Furtherstudiesofthese outbreakstrainsmaygiveindicationsofwhytheepidemicwaned. Citation:GroenheitR,GhebremichaelS,PennhagA,JonssonJ,HoffnerS,eta