Neglected Disease Research and Development How Much Are We Really Spending 英文参考文献.docVIP

Policy Forum Neglected Disease Research and Development: How Much Are We Really Spending? Mary Moran*, Javier Guzman, Anne-Laure Ropars, Alina McDonald, Nicole Jameson, Brenda Omune, Sam Ryan, Lindsey Wu T he need for new pharmaceutical tools to prevent and treat neglected diseases is widely first G-FINDER report (http://www. /prpppubs). developing-country presentations of Type II diseases, which are “incident in both rich and poor countries, but with a substantial proportion of the cases in the poor countries” and where RD is “not in proportion to global need or addressed to the specific disease conditions of poor countries” [8]. Type I diseases, which occur commonly in both rich and poor countries, were excluded on the grounds that “the incentives for RD exist in the rich country markets [and therefore]… products get developed” [8]. Methodology accepted [1]. The creation of a vaccine for HIV/AIDS, more effective diagnostics for tuberculosis (TB), and better treatments for leishmaniasis and sleeping sickness would greatly improve health in the developing world in line with the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. However, funders wishing to invest in this vitally important area currently face an information gap. There is little consensus on what constitutes a neglected disease or what new products are required [2]. Health research funding figures have been published by the Council on Health Research for Development and the Global Forum for Health Research [3,4], but these do not disaggregate product-related research and development (RD) or neglected disease investments. The chief principle of the G-FINDER survey was to provide consistent, comparable, comprehensive data on neglected disease RD investments to those working in the field. Survey design therefore focused on two elements. The first was disease, product, and research scope; the second was design of the survey tool that would be used to collect the data. Both were determined in consultation with