On the Origin of DNA Genomes Evolution of the Division of Labor between Template and Catalyst in Model Replicator Systems 英文参考文献.docVIP

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On the Origin of DNA Genomes Evolution of the Division of Labor between Template and Catalyst in Model Replicator Systems 英文参考文献.doc

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On the Origin of DNA Genomes Evolution of the Division of Labor between Template and Catalyst in Model Replicator Systems 英文参考文献

OntheOriginofDNAGenomes:EvolutionoftheDivision ofLaborbetweenTemplateandCatalystinModel ReplicatorSystems NobutoTakeuchi1*,PaulienHogeweg2,EugeneV.Koonin1 1NationalCenterforBiotechnologyInformation,NationalLibraryofMedicine,NationalInstitutesofHealth,Bethesda,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2Theoretical BiologyandBioinformaticsGroup,UtrechtUniversity,Utrecht,TheNetherlands Abstract The division of labor between template andcatalyst is afundamental property of allliving systems: DNA stores genetic informationwhereasproteinsfunctionascatalysts.TheRNAworldhypothesis,however,positsthat,attheearlierstagesof evolution, RNA acted as both template and catalyst. Why would such division of labor evolve in the RNA world? We investigated the evolution of DNA-like molecules, i.e. molecules that can function only as template, in minimal computationalmodelsofRNAreplicatorsystems.Inthemodels,RNAcanfunctionasbothtemplate-directedpolymerase andtemplate,whereasDNAcanfunctiononlyastemplate.Twoclassesofmodelswereexplored.Inthesurfacemodels, replicatorsareattachedtosurfaceswithfinitediffusion.Inthecompartmentmodels,replicatorsarecompartmentalizedby vesicle-likeboundaries.BothmodelsdisplayedtheevolutionofDNAandtheensuingdivisionoflaborbetweentemplates andcatalysts.Inthesurfacemodel,DNAprovidestheadvantageofgreaterresistanceagainstparasitictemplates.However, thisadvantageisatleastpartiallyoffsetbythedisadvantageofslowermultiplicationduetotheincreasedcomplexityofthe replicationcycle.Inthecompartmentmodel,DNAcansignificantlydelaytheintra-compartmentevolutionofRNAtowards catalyticdeterioration.Theseresultsareexplainedintermsofthetrade-offbetweentemplateandcatalystthatisinherentin RNA-onlyreplicationcycles:DNAreleasesRNAfromthistrade-offbymakingitunnecessaryforRNAtoserveastemplate andsorenderingthesystemmoreresistantagainstevolvingparasitism.Ouranalysisofthesesimplemodelssuggeststhat the lack of catalytic activity in DNA by itself can generate a sufficient selective advantage for RNA replica