Operational Automatic Remote Sensing Image Understanding Systems Beyond Geographic Object-Based and Object-Oriented Image Analysis (GEOBIAGEOOIA). Part？1？Introduction 英文参考文献.docVIP

Remote Sens. 2012, 4, 2694-2735; doi:10.3390/rs4092694 OPEN ACCESS Remote Sensing ISSN 2072-4292 /journal/remotesensing Article Operational Automatic Remote Sensing Image Understanding Systems: Beyond Geographic Object-Based and Object-Oriented Image Analysis (GEOBIA/GEOOIA). Part 1: Introduction Andrea Baraldi * and Luigi Boschetti Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, 4321 Hartwick Rd, Suite 209, College Park, MD 20740, USA; E-Mail: luigi@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: andrea.baraldi@; Tel.: +1-301-314-1467; Fax: +1-301-405-6806. Received: 20 July 2012; in revised form: 20 August 2012/ Accepted: 28 August 2012 / Published: 14 September 2012 Abstract: According to existing literature and despite their commercial success, state-of-the-art two-stage non-iterative geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) systems and three-stage iterative geographic object-oriented image analysis (GEOOIA) systems, where GEOOIA ? GEOBIA, remain affected by a lack of productivity, general consensus and research. To outperform the degree of automation, accuracy, efficiency, robustness, scalability and timeliness of existing GEOBIA/GEOOIA systems in compliance with the Quality Assurance Framework for Earth Observation (QA4EO) guidelines, this methodological work is split into two parts. The present first paper provides a multi-disciplinary Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis of the GEOBIA/GEOOIA approaches that augments similar analyses proposed in recent years. In line with constraints stemming from human vision, this SWOT analysis promotes a shift of learning paradigm in the pre-attentive vision first stage of a remote sensing (RS) image understanding system (RS-IUS), from sub-symbolic statistical model-based (inductive) image segmentation to symbolic physical