Optical Biosensors Based on Semiconductor Nanostructures 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2009, 9, 5149-5172; doi:10.3390/OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Review Optical Biosensors Based on Semiconductor Nanostructures Raúl J. Martín-Palma *, Miguel Manso and Vicente Torres-Costa Departamento de Física Aplicada and CIBER bbn, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: rauljose.martin@uam.es; Tel.: +34-91-497-4028; Fax: +34-91-497-3969 Received: 19 May 2009; in revised form: 19 June 2009 / Accepted: 29 June 2009 / Published: 29 June 2009 Abstract: The increasing availability of semiconductor-based nanostructures with novel and unique properties has sparked widespread interest in their use in the field of biosensing. The precise control over the size, shape and composition of these nanostructures leads to the accurate control of their physico-chemical properties and overall behavior. Furthermore, modifications can be made to the nanostructures to better suit their integration with biological systems, leading to such interesting properties as enhanced aqueous solubility, biocompatibility or bio-recognition. In the present work, the most significant applications of semiconductor nanostructures in the field of optical biosensing will be reviewed. In particular, the use of quantum dots as fluorescent bioprobes, which is the most widely used application, will be discussed. In addition, the use of some other nanometric structures in the field of biosensing, including porous semiconductors and photonic crystals, will be presented. Keywords: nanostructure; quantum dot; biosensor 1. Introduction The increasing availability of techniques for the fabrication and characterization of semiconductor- based nanometric structures with controlled composition and dimensions has sparked widespread interest aiming at their use in different biotechnological systems [1,2