Overt Attention and Context Factors The Impact of Repeated Presentations, Image Type, and Individual Motivation 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Overt Attention and Context Factors The Impact of Repeated Presentations, Image Type, and Individual Motivation 英文参考文献.doc

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Overt Attention and Context Factors The Impact of Repeated Presentations, Image Type, and Individual Motivation 英文参考文献

OvertAttentionandContextFactors:TheImpactof RepeatedPresentations,ImageType,andIndividual Motivation KaiKaspar*,PeterKo¨nig InstituteofCognitiveScience,UniversityofOsnabru¨ck,Osnabru¨ck,Germany Abstract Thepresentstudyinvestigatedthedynamicoftheattentionfocusduringobservationofdifferentcategoriesofcomplex scenesandsimultaneousconsiderationofindividuals’memoryandmotivationalstate.Werepeatedlypresentedfourtypes ofcomplexvisualscenesinapseudo-randomizedorderandrecordedeyemovements.Subjectsweredividedintogroups accordingtotheirmotivationaldispositionintermsofactionorientationandindividualratingofsceneinterest. Statistical analysisofeye-trackingdatarevealedthattheattentionfocussuccessivelybecamelocallyexpressedbyincreasingfixation duration; decreasing saccade length, saccade frequency, and single subject’s fixation distribution over images; and increasinginter-subjectvarianceoffixationdistributions.Thevalidityoftheseresultswassupportedbyverbalreports.This generaltendencywasweakerforthegroupofsubjectswhoratedtheimagesetasinterestingascomparedtotheother group.Additionally,effectswerepartlymediatedbysubjects’motivationaldisposition.Finally,wefoundagenerallystrong impactofimagetypeoneyemovementparameters.Weconcludethatmotivationaltendencieslinkedtopersonalityaswell as individual preferences significantly affected viewing behaviour. Hence, it is important and fruitful to consider inter- individual differences on the level of motivation and personality traits within investigations of attention processes. We demonstratethatfuturestudiesonmemory’simpactonovertattentionhavetodealappropriatelywithseveralaspectsthat hadbeenoutoftheresearchfocusuntilnow. Citation: KasparK,Ko¨nigP(2011)OvertAttentionandContextFactors:TheImpactofRepeatedPresentations,Image Type,andIndividualMotivation.PLoS ONE6(7):e21719.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0021719 Editor:JoeZ.Tsien,GeorgiaHealthSciencesUniversity,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedDecember20,2010;AcceptedJune9,2011;PublishedJuly5,2011 Copyr