Packages of Care for Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders in Low- and Middle-Income Countries PLoS Medicine Series 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Packages of Care for Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders in Low- and Middle-Income Countries PLoS Medicine Series 英文参考文献.doc

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Packages of Care for Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders in Low- and Middle-Income Countries PLoS Medicine Series 英文参考文献

Perspective PackagesofCareforMental,Neurological,and SubstanceUseDisordersinLow-andMiddle-Income Countries:PLoSMedicineSeries VikramPatel1*,GrahamThornicroft2 1London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London, United Kingdom, 2Institute of Psychiatry, King’s CollegeLondon,London,UnitedKingdom The world’s poorer and less resourced countries face a significant burden of mental, neurological, and substance use (MNS)disorders.Thisburdenwillcontin- ue to grow as the epidemiological transi- tion—the process by which low and middlecountriesseeariseinnoncommu- nicablediseases—gatherspace[1]. The six disorders are attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), epilepsy, depression,schizophrenia,alcoholusedis- orders, and dementia. These disorders comprise the leading MNS causes of diseaseburdenacrossthelifecourse.This PLoS Medicine series is intended to be entirelycomplementarytothenewWorld LinkedNeglectedDiseases Series This Perspective introduces a new series in PLoS Medicine on mental healthdisordersinlow-andmiddle- income countries that reviews the evidence for packages of care for ADHD, alcohol misuse disorders, dementia, depression, epilepsy, andschizophrenia. Recent reports on the care of persons living with MNS disorders had two stark findings.First,thereisenormousinequity in the distribution of specialist human resources,bothwithinandbetweencoun- tries [2]. One country alone (the US) enjoysmorepsychiatriststhantheworld’s mostpopulouscountries(IndiaandChina) Health Organisation (WHO) Mental HealthGap(mhGAP)initiative[8],which willsoonproducerecommendationsonthe use of specific treatments in primary and community health care settings in low- andmiddle-incomecountries(http://www. /mental_health/mhGAP/en/). Although the specific treatments differ between disorders, there are also many shared themes related to the delivery of these treatments. Detection and diagnosis Which treatments should be scaled up