Participation in physical play and leisure developing a theory- and evidence-based intervention for children with motor impairments 英文参考文献.docVIP

Participation in physical play and leisure developing a theory- and evidence-based intervention for children with motor impairments 英文参考文献.doc

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Participation in physical play and leisure developing a theory- and evidence-based intervention for children with motor impairments 英文参考文献

Kolehmainenetal.BMCPediatrics2011,11:100 /1471-2431/11/100 STUDY PROTOCOL OpenAccess Participationinphysicalplayandleisure: developingatheory-andevidence-based interventionforchildrenwithmotorimpairments NiinaKolehmainen1*,JillianJFrancis2,CraigRRamsay1,ChristineOwen3,LornaMcKee1,MarjolijnKetelaar4and PeterRosenbaum5 Abstract Background:Childrenwithmotorimpairments(e.g.difficultieswithmotorcontrol,muscletoneorbalance) experiencesignificantdifficultiesinparticipatinginphysicalplayandleisure.Currentinterventionsareoftenpoorly defined,lackexplicithypothesesaboutwhyorhowtheymightwork,andhaveinsufficientevidenceabout effectiveness.Thisprojectwillidentify(i)the‘keyingredients’ofaneffectiveinterventiontoincreaseparticipation inphysicalplayandleisureinchildrenwithmotorimpairments;and(ii)howtheseingredientscanbecombinedin afeasibleandacceptableintervention. Methods/Design:The project draws on the WHO International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and the UK Medical Research Council guidance for developing ‘complex interventions’.There will be five steps: 1) identifying biomedical, personal and environmental factors proposed to predict children’ sparticipation in physical play and leisure; 2) developing an explicit model of the key predictors; 3) selecting intervention strategies to target the predictors, and specifying the pathways to change; 4) operationalising the strategies in a feasible and acceptable intervention; and 5) modelling the intervention processes and outcomes within single cases. Discussion:Theprimaryoutputfromthisprojectwillbeadetailedprotocolforanintervention.Theintervention, ifsubsequentlyfoundtobeeffective,willsupportchildrenwithmotordifficultiestoattainlife-longwell-beingand participationinsociety.Theprojectwillalsobeanexemplarofmethodologyforasystematicdevelopmentofnon- druginterventionsforchildren. Background healthandsocialdifficulties [5,6].Interventionsinearly Participation,includingengagementinphysicalplayand lifethateffe

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