Particulate matter exposure during pregnancy is associated with birth weight, but not gestational age, 1962-1992 a cohort study 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Particulate matter exposure during pregnancy is associated with birth weight, but not gestational age, 1962-1992 a cohort study 英文参考文献.doc

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Particulate matter exposure during pregnancy is associated with birth weight, but not gestational age, 1962-1992 a cohort study 英文参考文献

Pearceetal.EnvironmentalHealth2012,11:13 /content/11/1/13 RESEARCH OpenAccess Particulatematterexposureduringpregnancyis associatedwithbirthweight,butnotgestational age,1962-1992:acohortstudy MarkSPearce1*,SvetlanaVGlinianaia1,RakeshGhosh2,JudithRankin1,StevenRushton3,MartinCharlton4, LouiseParker5andTanjaPless-Mulloli1,3 Abstract Background:Exposuretoairpollutantsissuggestedtoadverselyaffectfetalgrowth,buttheevidenceremains inconsistentinrelationtospecificoutcomesandexposurewindows. Methods:UsingbirthrecordsfromthetwomajormaternityhospitalsinNewcastleuponTyneinnorthernEngland between1961and1992,weconstructedadatabaseofallbirthstomothersresidentwithinthecity.Weeklyblack smokeexposurelevelsfromroutinedatarecordedat20airpollutionmonitoringstationswereobtainedand individualexposureswereestimatedviaatwo-stagemodelingstrategy,incorporatingtemporallyandspatially varyingcovariates.Regressionanalyses,including88,679births,assessedpotentialassociationsbetweenexposure toblacksmokeandbirthweight,gestationalageandbirthweightstandardizedforgestationalageandsex. Results:Significantassociationswereseenbetweenblacksmokeandbothstandardizedandunstandardizedbirth weight,butnotforgestationalagewhenadjustedforpotentialconfounders.Notallassociationswerelinear.For anincreaseinwholepregnancyblacksmokeexposure,fromthe1st (7.4μg/m3)tothe25th (17.2μg/m3),50th (33.8 μg/m3),75th (108.3μg/m3),and90th (180.8μg/m3)percentiles,theadjustedestimateddecreasesinbirthweight were33g(SE1.05),62g(1.63),98g(2.26)and109g(2.44)respectively.Asignificantinteractionwasobserved betweensocio-economicdeprivationandblacksmokeonbothstandardizedandunstandardizedbirthweightwith increasingeffectsofblacksmokeinreducingbirthweightseenwithincreasingsocio-economicdisadvantage. Conclusions:Thefindingsofthisstudyprogressthehypothesisthattheassociationbetweenblacksmokeand birthweightmaybemediatedthroughintrauterinegrowthrestriction.Theassociationsbetweenblacksmokeand birthweightwereofthesameorderofmagnitudeasthoserepo