Participatory Epidemiology Use of Mobile Phones for Community-Based Health Reporting 英文参考文献.docVIP

HealthinAction ParticipatoryEpidemiology:UseofMobilePhonesfor Community-BasedHealthReporting ClarkC.Freifeld1,2*,RumiChunara1,2,SumikoR.Mekaru1,3,EmilyH.Chan1,2,TahaKass-Hout4 ,Anahi AyalaIacucci5,JohnS.Brownstein1,2,6 1Children’sHospitalInformaticsProgramatHarvard-MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,DivisionofHealthSciencesandTechnology,Boston,Massachusetts,United StatesofAmerica,2DivisionofEmergencyMedicine,Children’sHospitalBoston,Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3DepartmentofEpidemiology,Boston UniversitySchoolofPublicHealth,Boston, Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica, 4PublicHealthSurveillanceProgramOffice,OfficeofSurveillance,Epidemiology, LaboratoryServices,CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,Atlanta,Georgia,UnitedStatesofAmerica,5Internews,Nairobi,Kenya,6DepartmentofPediatrics, HarvardMedicalSchool,Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica Intraditionalclinicalandpublichealth structures, information flows through a hierarchy of providers and local or na- tionalauthorities,whothencommunicate with the public via periodic announce- ments [1].Meanwhile, broadadoption of theInternetaroundtheworldhasenabled a new class of participatory systems that allow people to contribute and share information and work together in real time [2]. Wikipedia is perhaps the best- knownsuchproject.Inthefieldofpublic health, online patient communities pro- vide a forum for patients to share their experiences, collect information, and in- formbiomedicalresearchers[3–5].Partic- ipatory systems in which data and intelli- gence are gathered from the population, traditionallythroughdiscussionorsurveys, have also been used to gain an under- standingofdiseasetransmission,especially for zoonotic diseases [6]. However, new internet community-based systems repre- sentadeparturefromthecarefulcontrol, verification, and data-informed actions of traditional structures, but can provide advantagesinscalability,coverage,timeli- ness, and transparency. Furthermore, en- gaging the p