Pharmacological Inhibition of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus？(FIV) 英文参考文献.docVIP

Viruses 2012, 4, 708-724; doi:10.3390/v4050708 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 /journal/viruses Review Pharmacological Inhibition of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) Hakimeh Mohammadi and Dorothee Bienzle * Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; E-Mail: hmohamma@uoguelph.ca * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: dbienzle@uoguelph.ca; Tel.: +1-519-824-4120 x54351; Fax: +1-519-824-5930. Received: 2 April 2012; in revised form: 18 April 2012 / Accepted: 20 April 2012 / Published: 27 April 2012 Abstract: Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a member of the retroviridae family of viruses and causes an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in domestic and non-domestic cats worldwide. Genome organization of FIV and clinical characteristics of the disease caused by the virus are similar to those of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Both viruses infect T lymphocytes, monocytes and macrophages, and their replication cycle in infected cells is analogous. Due to marked similarity in genomic organization, virus structure, virus replication and disease pathogenesis of FIV and HIV, infection of cats with FIV is a useful tool to study and develop novel drugs and vaccines for HIV. Anti-retroviral drugs studied extensively in HIV infection have targeted different steps of the virus replication cycle: (1) inhibition of virus entry into susceptible cells at the level of attachment to host cell surface receptors and co-receptors; (2) inhibition of fusion of the virus membrane with the cell membrane; (3) blockade of reverse transcription of viral genomic RNA; (4) interruption of nuclear translocation and viral DNA integration into host genomes; (5) prevention of viral transcript processing and nuclear export; and (6) inhibition of virion assembly and maturation. Despite much success of anti-retroviral therapy