Poor Diet in Shift Workers A New Occupational Health Hazard 英文参考文献.docVIP

Editorial PoorDietinShiftWorkers:ANewOccupationalHealth Hazard? ThePLoSMedicineEditors* As a specialty, occupational health has changed dramatically from its inception when industrial hazards predominated. It retains, however, a critical role in safe- guarding workers and their health rights. As weargued in aneditorialin 2007[1], ‘‘the right to work in safety is a basic humanright,andprotectionofthehealth ofworkersisultimatelyofbenefittoallof society’’. A paper published earlier this month in PLoS Medicine by An Pan and colleagues provides a new angle on the link between wider public health and occupational health, specifically the effect ofshiftwork. speculate on the mechanisms that might underlie this association, which include disruption of the circadian rhythms that regulatemetabolicandcardiovascularsys- tems, a negative effect on diet and ex- ercise, and an effect on both quality and quantityofsleep. involvement of employers, government, and labor) is typical in its advice on the developmentofahealthyeatingprogram: ‘‘Asalways,theseprogramsshouldbepart of a complete workplace health program andshouldnottakeresourcesorattention awayfromworkplacehazardsthatmaybe present.’’ It’s interesting to contrast this advicewiththaton,forexample,reducing exposure to tobacco smoke, which is generally much more prescriptive; indeed it is interesting to note how the wording makes the assumption that eating un- healthilyisnotitselfa‘‘hazard.’’ Suggesting as it does that working pa- tterns are a specific risk factorfor obesity andtype2diabetes—currentlyatepidem- icproportionsinthedevelopedworldand likely to become so soon in the less- developedworld—theauthorsdrawatten- tion to some intriguing possibilities for where the field of occupational health might now fruitfully focus its efforts. Althoughsomeoftheeffectsofshiftwork areprobablyunavoidable(suchasdisrup- tion of circadian rhythms, although even this effect can be ameliorated somewhat by careful management of shifts),