Predicting Tumor Responses to Gefitinib and Erlotinib 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Predicting Tumor Responses to Gefitinib and Erlotinib 英文参考文献.doc

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Predicting Tumor Responses to Gefitinib and Erlotinib 英文参考文献

Open access, freely available online Synopses of Research Articles Predicting Tumor Responses to Ge?tinib and Erlotinib DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0020021 Tyrosine kinases regulate signaling pathways that control cell growth, genes in 60 tumors for which sensitivity to either drug was known. proliferation, motility, and other critical cellular processes. Mutations in tyrosine kinase genes can lead to abnormal They extended their earlier ?ndings that EGFR mutations (which were found in 17 of the tumors) were associated with sensitivity to the kinase inhibitors, and found that tumors that had mutations in KRAS (a total of nine) were refractory (i.e., did not respond) to either drug. These results need to be validated in larger and prospective trials that use standardized mutation detection techniques. If they are con?rmed, kinase activity, and some tumors become dependent upon this activity for growth and survival.Thus, kinases are attractive targets for anti-cancer drugs. Examples of new kinase inhibitors include ge?tinib and erlotinib, which have recently shown promise in treating non-small-cell lung cancer. Unfortunately, ge?tinib and knowing the mutation status of EGFR and KRAS in tumors could help physicians decide which patients should receive ge?tinib and/or erlotinib. As Inoue and Nukiwa state in a Perspective that accompanies the article,“By combining all the factors that relate to response or resistance, patients who will bene?t from treatment can hopefully be identi?ed. Undoubtedly we have taken a great step forward in molecular therapy for lung cancer treatment.” erlotinib work only in a subset of patients, and they can have severe side effects, albeit infrequently. So researchers have been trying to ?nd ways to predict who will bene?t from therapy with these drugs and who won’t. Following the work of Lynch et al. (N Engl J Med 350: 2129–2139) and Paez et al. (Science 304: 1497–1500),William Pao and colleagues have previously shown that the epidermal