南航暑期国际课程大数据可视化第4讲3精选.ppt

* Parallel Visualization Summary Each data point is a line Similar points correspond to similar lines Lines crossing over correspond to negatively correlated attributes Interactive exploration and clustering Problems: order of axes, limit to ~20 dimensions * Chernoff Faces Encode different variables’ values in characteristics of human face /~wiseman/chernoff/ /schampeo/projects/Faces/chernoff.html Cute applets: * Interactive Face * Chernoff faces, example * Stick Figures Two variables are mapped to X, Y axes Other variables are mapped to limb lengths and angles Texture patterns can show data characteristics * Stick figures, example census data showing age, income, sex, education, etc. Closed figures correspond to women and we can see more of them on the left. Note also a young woman with high income * Visualization software Free and Open-source Ggobi Xmdv Many more - see www.KD/software/visualization.html * Visualization Summary Many methods Visualization is possible in more than 3-D Aim for graphical excellence Visualization andData Mining * Outline Graphical excellence and lie factor Representing data in 1,2, and 3-D Representing data in 4+ dimensions Parallel coordinates Scatterplots Stick figures * Napoleon Invasion of Russia, 1812 Napoleon * Marley, 1885 * ? , from /Pictures/minard.jpg, used by permission * Snow’s Cholera Map, 1855 * Asia at night * South and North Korea at night Seoul, South Korea North Korea Notice how dark it is * Visualization Role Support interactive exploration Help in result presentation Disadvantage: requires human eyes Can be misleading * Bad Visualization: Spreadsheet Year Sales 1999 2,110 2000 2,105 2001 2,120 2002 2,121 2003 2,124 What is wrong with this graph? * Bad Visualization: Spreadsheet with misleading Y –axis Year Sales 1999 2,110 2000 2,105 2001 2,120 2002 2,121 2003 2,124 Y-Axis scale gives WRONG impression of big change * Better Visualization Year Sales 1999 2,110 2000 2,105 2001 2,120 2002 2,121 2003