Private Heat for Public Warmth How Huddling Shapes Individual Thermogenic Responses of Rabbit Pups 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Private Heat for Public Warmth How Huddling Shapes Individual Thermogenic Responses of Rabbit Pups 英文参考文献.doc

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Private Heat for Public Warmth How Huddling Shapes Individual Thermogenic Responses of Rabbit Pups 英文参考文献

PrivateHeatforPublicWarmth:HowHuddlingShapes IndividualThermogenicResponsesofRabbitPups CarolineGilbert1*.,DominicJ.McCafferty2.,SylvainGiroud3,Andre′ Ancel4,5,Ste′phaneBlanc4,5 1Universite′ Paris-Est,Ecole Nationale Ve′te′rinaire d’Alfort, UMR 7179, CNRS, MNHN, Maisons-Alfort, France, 2Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine,CollegeofMedical,VeterinaryLifeSciences,UniversityofGlasgow,Glasgow,UnitedKingdom,3ResearchInstituteofWildlifeEcology,UniversityofVeterinary Medicine,Vienna,Austria,4Universite′ deStrasbourg,IPHC,Strasbourg,France,5CNRS,UMR7178,Strasbourg,France Abstract Background: Within their litter, young altricial mammals compete for energy (constraining growth and survival) but cooperate for warmth. The aim of this study was to examine the mechanisms by which huddling in altricial infants influencesindividualheatproductionandloss,whileprovidingpublicwarmth.Althoughconsideredasatextbookexample, itissurprisingtonotethatphysiologicalmechanismsunderlyinghuddlingarestillnotfullycharacterised. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Thebrownadiposetissue(BAT)contributiontoenergyoutputwasassessedasafunction of the ability of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) pups to huddle (placed in groups of 6 and 2, or isolated) and of their thermoregulatorycapacities(non-insulatedbefore5daysoldandinsulatedatca.10daysold).BATcontributionofpups exposed to cold was examined by combining techniques of infrared thermography (surface temperature), indirect calorimetry(totalenergyexpenditure,TEE)andtelemetry(bodytemperature).Throughlocalheating,thehuddleprovided eachpupwhatevertheiragewithanambient‘‘publicwarmth’’inthecold,whichparticularlybenefitednon-insulatedpups. Huddlingallowedpupsfacingaprogressivecoldchallengetobufferthedecreasingambienttemperaturebydelayingthe activationoftheirthermogenicresponse,especiallywhenfur-insulated.Inthisway,huddlingpermittedpupstoeffectively shiftfromanon-insulatedtoapseudo-insulatedthermalstatewhilecontinuouslyallocatingenerg