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Proline is required for male gametophyte development in Arabidopsis 英文参考文献
Mattiolietal.BMCPlantBiology2012,12:236
/1471-2229/12/236
RESEARCH ARTICLE
OpenAccess
Prolineisrequiredformalegametophyte
developmentinArabidopsis
RobertoMattioli,MarcoBiancucci,ChiaraLonoce,PaoloCostantino*andMaurizioTrovato*
Abstract
Background:Incrossesbetweentheproline-deficientmutanthomozygousforp5cs1andheterozygousforp5cs2
(p5cs1p5cs2/P5CS2),usedasmale,anddifferentArabidopsismutants,usedasfemales,thep5cs2mutantallelewas
rarelytransmittedtotheoutcrossedprogeny,suggestingthatthefertilityofthemalegametophytecarrying
mutationsinbothP5CS1andP5CS2isseverelycompromised.
Results:Toconfirmthefertilitydefectsofpollenfromp5cs1p5cs2/P5CS2mutants,transmissionofmutantalleles
throughpollenwastestedintwoways.First,thenumberofprogenyinheritingadominantsulfadiazineresistance
markerlinkedtop5cs2wasdetermined.Second,thenumberofp5cs2/p5cs2embryoswasdetermined.Aratioof
resistanttosusceptibleplantletscloseto50%,andtheabsenceofabortedembryoswereconsistentwiththe
hypothesisthatthemalegametophytecarryingbothp5cs1andp5cs2allelesisrarelytransmittedtotheoffspring.
Inaddition,inreciprocalcrosseswithwildtype,about50%ofthep5cs2mutantallelesweretransmittedtothe
sporophyticgenerationwhenp5cs1p5cs2/P5CS2wasusedasafemale,whilelessthan1%ofthep5cs2allelescould
betransmittedtotheoutcrossedprogenywhenp5cs1p5cs2/P5CS2wasusedasamale.Morphologicaland
functionalanalysisofmutantpollenrevealedapopulationofsmall,degenerated,andunviablepollengrains,
indicatingthatthemutanthomozygousforp5cs1andheterozygousforp5cs2isimpairedinpollendevelopment,
andsuggestingaroleforprolineinmalegametophytedevelopment.Consistentwiththesefindings,wefoundthat
pollenfromp5cs1homozygousmutants,displaydefectssimilarto,butlesspronouncedthanpollenfromp5cs1
p5cs2/P5CS2mutants.Finally,weshowthatpollenfromp5cs1p5cs2/P5CS2plantscontainslessprolinethanwild
typeandthatexogenousprolinesuppliedfromthebeginningofanotherdevelopmentcanpartiallycomplement
bothmorphologicalandfunctionalpollendefects.
Conclusions:Ourdatashowthatthedevelopmentof
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