Rabies in the 21st Century 英文参考文献.docVIP

Viewpoints Rabiesinthe21st Century WilliamH.Wunner1*,DeborahJ.Briggs2 1TheWistarInstitute,Philadelphia,Pennsylvania,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2GlobalAllianceforRabiesControl,Edinburgh,Scotland,UnitedKingdom Why are 50,000–55,000 people dying from rabies worldwide each year, with 25,000–30,000 human deaths in India aloneandover3billionpeoplecontinuing to be at risk of rabies virus infection in that are easily translated into different languages and distributed through elec- tronic media, and with these materials people are becoming better educated aboutrabiesprevention.Peoplearelearn- ing that going to local healers for treat- ments that do not work, such as rubbing chilipowderinwounds,incantations,and taking ineffective herbal medicines, is not thewaytopreventrabies.Instead,people learn from the educational materials that the risk of exposure to rabies can be minimized and the disease can be pre- vented by using the right methods and treatments, and together these measures canmakeadifferenceintheirownlives. In several recent PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases papers on rabies (2009–2010)— marking the third anniversary of World Rabies Day—scientists describe the situa- tionofcaninerabiescontrolindeveloping countries,aswellasvariousrecentadvanc- es in the development of vaccines and treatmentsforrabiesthatwillcontributeto the elimination of human deaths from rabies.Reductioninthenumberofhuman deathsduetorabieshastobeginwiththe elimination of canine rabies in these countries. The feasibility of eliminating canine rabies in Africa [1] is predicated ontheunderstandingandcounteractingof themanyreasonsthatcaninerabiescontrol hasfailedinAfrica.Itisinterestingthatthe authorsconcludethattherearenoreasons, nor any insurmountable problems, that would prevent canine rabies control from beingachievableinmostofAfrica.Inone ofthepapers,theauthorsstate, ‘‘elimina- tion of canine rabies is epidemiologically The lessons learned from epidemiolog- icalstudiesandthedevelopmentofspatial m