Rapid Acoustic Survey for Biodiversity Appraisal 英文参考文献.docVIP

RapidAcousticSurveyforBiodiversityAppraisal Je′ro?meSueur1*,SandrinePavoine2,3,OlivierHamerlynck4,Ste′phanieDuvail5 1Muse′um national d’Histoire naturelle, De′partement Syste′matique et E′volution, UMR 5202 CNRS USM 601 MNHN, CP 50, Paris, France, 2Mathematical Ecology ResearchGroup,DepartmentofZoology,UniversityofOxford,Oxford,UnitedKingdom,3Muse′umnationald’Histoirenaturelle,De′partementE′cologieetGestiondela Biodiversite′,UMR5173CNRS-UPMCUSM305MNHN,CP51,Paris,France,4CentreforEcologyandHydrology,CrowmarshGifford,Wallingford,Oxfordshire,United Kingdom,5IRD(InstitutdeRecherchepourleDe′veloppement), UR200,IFRA,Nairobi,Kenya Abstract Biodiversityassessmentremainsoneofthemostdifficultchallengesencounteredbyecologistsandconservationbiologists. Thistaskisbecomingevenmoreurgentwiththecurrentincreaseofhabitatloss.Manymethods–fromrapidbiodiversity assessments (RBA) to all-taxa biodiversity inventories (ATBI)–have been developed for decades to estimate local species richness. However, these methods are costly and invasive. Several animals–birds, mammals, amphibians, fishes and arthropods–producesoundswhenmoving,communicatingorsensingtheirenvironment.Hereweproposeanewconcept andmethodtodescribebiodiversity.WesuggesttoforegospeciesormorphospeciesidentificationusedbyATBIandRBA respectivelybutrathertotackletheproblematanotherevolutionaryunit,thecommunitylevel.Wealsoproposethatapart of diversity can be estimated and compared through a rapid acoustic analysis of the sound produced by animal communities.Weproducedaandbdiversityindexesthatwefirsttestedwith540simulatedacousticcommunities.Thea index,whichmeasuresacousticentropy,showsalogarithmiccorrelationwiththenumberofspecieswithintheacoustic community. The b index, which estimates both temporal and spectral dissimilarities, is linearly linked to the number of unshared species between acoustic communities. We then applied both indexes to two closely spaced Tanzanian dry lowland coastal forests.Indexes revealfor this small sa