Ruminal acidosis and the rapid onset of ruminal parakeratosis in a mature dairy cow a case report 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Ruminal acidosis and the rapid onset of ruminal parakeratosis in a mature dairy cow a case report 英文参考文献.doc

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Ruminal acidosis and the rapid onset of ruminal parakeratosis in a mature dairy cow a case report 英文参考文献

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica BioMedCentral Case report Open Access Ruminal acidosis and the rapid onset of ruminal parakeratosis in a mature dairy cow: a case report Michael A Steele*1, Ousama AlZahal1, Sarah E Hook1, Jim Croom2 and Brian W McBride1 Address: 1Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada and 2Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA Email: Michael A Steele* - msteele@uoguelph.ca; Ousama AlZahal - oalzahal@uoguelph.ca; Sarah E Hook - shook@uoguelph.ca; Jim Croom - jim_croom@; Brian W McBride - bmcbride@uoguelph.ca * Corresponding author Published: 19 October 2009 Received: 4 June 2009 Accepted: 19 October 2009 Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 2009, 51:39 doi:10.1186/1751-0147-51-39 This article is available from: /content/51/1/39 ? 2009 Steele et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract A mature dairy cow was transitioned from a high forage (100% forage) to a high-grain (79% grain) diet over seven days. Continuous ruminal pH recordings were utilized to diagnose the severity of ruminal acidosis. Additionally, blood and rumen papillae biopsies were collected to describe the structural and functional adaptations of the rumen epithelium. On the final day of the grain challenge, the daily mean ruminal pH was 5.41 ± 0.09 with a minimum of 4.89 and a maximum of 6.31. Ruminal pH was under 5.0 for 130 minutes (2.17 hours) which is characterized as the acute form of ruminal acidosis in cattle. The grain challenge increased blood beta-hydroxybutyrate by 1.8 times and rumen papillae mRNA expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase by 1.6 times. Ultrastructural and histological ada