Scaling of Brain Metabolism and Blood Flow in Relation to Capillary and Neural Scaling 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Scaling of Brain Metabolism and Blood Flow in Relation to Capillary and Neural Scaling 英文参考文献.doc

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Scaling of Brain Metabolism and Blood Flow in Relation to Capillary and Neural Scaling 英文参考文献

ScalingofBrainMetabolismandBloodFlowinRelation toCapillaryandNeuralScaling JanKarbowski* InstituteofBiocyberneticsandBiomedicalEngineering,PolishAcademyofSciences,Warsaw,Poland Abstract Brainisoneofthemostenergydemandingorgansinmammals,anditstotalmetabolicratescaleswithbrainvolumeraised to a power of around 5/6. This value is significantly higher than the more common exponent 3/4 relating whole body restingmetabolismwithbodymassandseveralotherphysiologicalvariablesinanimalsandplants.Thisarticleinvestigates thereasonsforbrainallometricdistinctiononalevelofitsmicrovessels.Basedoncollectedempiricaldataitisfoundthat regionalcerebralbloodflowCBFacrossgraymatterscaleswithcorticalvolumeV asCBF*V{1=6,braincapillarydiameter increasesasV1=12,anddensityofcapillarylengthdecreasesasV{1=6.Itispredictedthatvelocityofcapillarybloodisalmost invariant(*VE),capillarytransittimescalesasV1=6,capillarylengthincreasesasV1=6zE,andcapillarynumberasV2=3{E , whereEistypicallyasmallcorrectionformediumandlargebrains,duetobloodviscositydependenceoncapillaryradius.It isshownthattheamountofcapillarylengthandbloodflowpercorticalneuronareessentiallyconservedacrossmammals. These results indicate that geometry and dynamics of global neuro-vascular coupling have a proportionate character. Moreover,cerebralmetabolic,hemodynamic,andmicrovascularvariablesscalewithallometricexponentsthataresimple multiplesof1/6,ratherthan1/4,whichsuggeststhatbrainmetabolismismoresimilartothemetabolismofaerobicthan restingbody.Relationofthesefindingstobrainfunctionalimagingstudiesinvolvingthelinkbetweencerebralmetabolism andbloodflowisalsodiscussed. Citation: Karbowski J (2011) Scaling of Brain Metabolism and Blood Flow in Relation to Capillary and Neural Scaling. PLoS ONE 6(10): e26709. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0026709 Editor:BardErmentrout,UniversityofPittsburgh,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedJuly29,2011;AcceptedOctober2,2011;PublishedOctober28,2011 Copyright: ? 2011 Jan Karbowski. This is an open-access article di