Scaling Up International Food Aid Food Delivery Alone Cannot Solve the Malnutrition Crisis 英文参考文献.docVIP

Editorial Scaling Up International Food Aid: Food Delivery Alone Cannot Solve the Malnutrition Crisis The PLoS Medicine Editors I to food insecurity. Such solutions would include an array of policies to stimulate local agricultural and economic development (particularly the economic and social empowerment of women, the primary caregivers in most households) so that communities become food-secure in a sustainable and independent way. Instead, n January 2008, in an article entitled “The Starvelings,” The Economist made the case that An important challenge in The meeting did not discuss or examine long-term solutions preventing malnutrition is determining which of these three basic determinants should be the priority target. This is a highly contentious issue within the child nutrition community, and there does not seem to be a consensus. Some nutrition experts and health agencies, for example, believe that the focus should be on boosting caregiver resources—particularly educating mothers to feed their children the right foods [6,7]. The World Bank argues that most serious malnutrition is caused by bad sanitation and disease, leading to diarrhea, especially among young children, and that “women’s status and women’s education play big parts in improving nutrition” [7]. childhood hunger and malnutrition have a far greater impact upon child health than was previously thought [1]. The most recent estimates are that stunting, severe wasting, and intrauterine growth restriction together are responsible for 21% of disability- adjusted life years and 2.2 million deaths in children under five years annually [2]. Those malnourished children who do survive are at heightened risk of long-term health, educational, and economic impairment [3]. Hunger is now arguably “the gravest single threat to the world’s public health” [1]. the meeting explored how the international community can urgently deliver more food aid, of better quality, to prevent and treat malnutrition in the highe