Screening the yeast genome for new DNA-repair genes 英文参考文献.docVIP

/2002/3/4/reviews/1009.1 Minireview Screening the yeast genome for new DNA-repair genes Ali Jazayeri and Stephen P Jackson Address: Wellcome/Cancer Research UK Institute of Cancer and Developmental Biology and Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK. Correspondence: Stephen P Jackson. E-mail: spj13@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk Published: 13 March 2002 GenomeBiology 2002, 3(4):reviews1009.1–1009.5 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at /2002/3/4/reviews/1009 ? BioMed Central Ltd (Print ISSN 1465-6906; Online ISSN 1465-6914) Abstract Studies of DNA repair and the maintenance of genomic integrity are essential to understanding the etiology and pathology of cancer. The availability of the complete genome sequence ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae has greatly facilitated the discovery of new genes important for DNA repair. Crucial biological processes tend to show a high degree of Repairing double-strand breaks evolutionary conservation, from unicellular organisms Breaks in both strands of DNA are the major cytotoxic lesions caused by ionizing radiation. These lesions are highly recombinogenic and can thus lead to chromosomal translo- cations and, ultimately, the development of cancer. They are also very toxic - a single DSB can lead to apoptosis [9]. It therefore comes as no surprise that eukaryotic cells have evolved elaborate mechanisms to deal with this type of DNA damage. There are two main pathways for the repair of DSBs: homologous recombination and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). Whereas homologous recombination through to multicellular ones. Thus, it is possible to under- stand the basics of important pathways in complex organ- isms by studying simple organisms. In no case has this been more evident than in the studies of DNA repair in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Many