Shifts in human skin and nares microbiota of healthy children and adults 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Shifts in human skin and nares microbiota of healthy children and adults 英文参考文献.doc

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Shifts in human skin and nares microbiota of healthy children and adults 英文参考文献

Ohetal.GenomeMedicine2012,4:77 /content/4/10/77 RESEARCH OpenAccess Shiftsinhumanskinandnaresmicrobiotaof healthychildrenandadults JuliaOh1,SeanConlan1,EricCPolley2,JuliaASegre1*?andHeidiHKong3*? Abstract Background:Characterizationofthetopographicalandtemporaldiversityofthemicrobialcollective(microbiome) hostedbyhealthyhumanskinestablishedareferenceforstudyingdisease-causingmicrobiomes.Physiologic changesoccurintheskinashumansmaturefrominfancytoadulthood.Thus,characterizationsofadult microbiomesmighthavelimitationswhenconsideringpediatricdisorderssuchasatopicdermatitis(AD)orissues suchassitesofmicrobialcarriage.Theobjectiveofthisstudywastodetermineifmicrobialcommunitiesatseveral bodysitesinchildrendifferedsignificantlyfromadults. Methods:Using16S-rRNAgenesequencingtechnology,wecharacterizedandcomparedthebacterial communitiesoffourbodysitesinrelationtoTannerstageofhumandevelopment.Bodysitessampledincluded skinsitescharacteristicallyinvolvedinAD(antecubital/poplitealfossae),acontrolskinsite(volarforearm),andthe nares.Twenty-eighthealthyindividualsagedfrom2to40yearswereevaluatedattheoutpatientdermatology clinicintheNationalInstitutesofHealth’sClinicalCenter.Exclusioncriteriaincludedtheuseofsystemicantibiotics within6months,current/priorchronicskindisorders,asthma,allergicrhinitis,orotherchronicmedicalconditions. Results:Bacterialcommunitiesinthenaresofchildren(Tannerdevelopmentalstage1)differedstrikinglyfrom adults(Tannerdevelopmentalstage5).Firmicutes(Streptococcaceae),Bacteroidetes,andProteobacteria(b,g )were overrepresentedinTanner1comparedtoTanner5individuals,whereCorynebacteriaceaeand Propionibacteriaceaepredominated.Whilebacterialcommunitiesweresignificantlydifferentbetweenthetwo groupsinallsites,themostmarkedmicrobialshiftswereobservedinthenares,asitethatcanharborpathogenic species,includingStaphylococcusaureusandStreptococcuspneumonia. Conclusions:Significantshiftsinthemicrobiotaassociatedwithprogressivesexualmaturationasmeasuredby Tannerstagingsuggestthatpu