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Sharing knowledge a new frontier for public-private partnerships in medicine 英文参考文献
Editorial
Sharing knowledge: a new frontier for public-private partnerships in
medicine
Charles Auffray
Address: Functional Genomics and Systems Biology for Health, CNRS Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 rue Guy Moquet BP8, 94801
Villejuif, France. Email: auffray@rs.fr
Published: 4 March 2009
Genome Medicine 2009, 1:29 (doi:10.1186/gm29)
The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be
found online at /content/1/3/29
? 2009 BioMed Central Ltd
Abstract
To help overcome the bottlenecks that limit the development of diagnostic and therapeutic
products, academic and industrial researchers, patient organizations and charities, and regulatory
and funding institutions should redefine the basis for sharing the knowledge collected in large-scale
clinical and experimental studies.
Advances in biological and medical research and their
translation into diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tools
are relying increasingly on partnerships between the aca-
demic (government and university) and industrial (biotech-
nology, pharmacy and technology) sectors, with essential
participation and support from patient organizations and
charities. Despite these concerted efforts and the promises of
genomics and systems biology, over the past two decades the
cost of research and development has continuously esca-
lated, while the number of truly novel drugs coming to
market has constantly declined. To a large extent, this has
been addressed in the private sector through mergers and
sequences collected on a genome scale should be considered
as elements of description insufficient to warrant property
rights by themselves in the absence of a genuine invention
and should thus be placed in the public domain [1]. A similar
attitude was taken by the participants of the HGP in 1996, as
expressed in the ‘Bermuda rules’ [2], with the result that the
openly accessible reference human
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