Single nucleotide polymorphisms for assessing genetic diversity in castor bean (Ricinus communis) 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Single nucleotide polymorphisms for assessing genetic diversity in castor bean (Ricinus communis) 英文参考文献.doc

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Single nucleotide polymorphisms for assessing genetic diversity in castor bean (Ricinus communis) 英文参考文献

Fosteretal.BMCPlantBiology2010,10:13 /1471-2229/10/13 RESEARCH ARTICLE OpenAccess Singlenucleotidepolymorphismsforassessing geneticdiversityincastorbean (Ricinuscommunis) JeffreyTFoster1,GerardJAllan2,AgnesPChan3,PabloDRabinowicz3,4,5,JacquesRavel3,4,6,PaulJJackson7, PaulKeim1* Abstract Background:Castorbean(Ricinuscommunis)isanagriculturalcropandgardenornamentalthatiswidely cultivatedandhasbeenintroducedworldwide.Understandingpopulationstructureandthedistributionofcastor beancultivarshasbeenchallengingbecauseoflimitedgeneticvariability.Weanalyzedthepopulationgeneticsof R.communisinaworldwidecollectionofplantsfromgermplasmandfromnaturalizedpopulationsinFlorida,U.S. Toassessgeneticdiversityweconductedsurveysequencingofthegenomesofsevendiversecultivarsand comparedthedatatoareferencegenomeassemblyofawidespreadcultivar(Hale).Wedeterminedthe populationgeneticstructureof676samplesusingsinglenucleotidepolymorphisms(SNPs)at48loci. Results:Bayesianclusteringindicatedfivemaingroupsworldwideandarepeatedpatternofmixedgenotypesin mostcountries.Highlevelsofpopulationdifferentiationoccurredbetweenmostpopulationsbutthisstructurewas notgeographicallybased.Mostmolecularvarianceoccurredwithinpopulations(74%)followedby22%among populations,and4%amongcontinents.SamplesfromnaturalizedpopulationsinFloridaindicatedsignificant populationstructuringconsistentwithlocaldemes.Therewassignificantpopulationdifferentiationfor56of78 comparisonsinFlorida(pairwisepopulationjPT values,p0.01). Conclusion:Lowlevelsofgeneticdiversityandmixingofgenotypeshaveledtominimalgeographicstructuring ofcastorbeanpopulationsworldwide.Relativelyfewlineagesoccurandthesearewidelydistributed.Our approachofdeterminingpopulationgeneticstructureusingSNPsfromgenome-widecomparisonsconstitutesa frameworkforhigh-throughputanalysesofgeneticdiversityinplants,particularlyinspecieswithlimitedgenetic diversity. Background be costly and size homoplasy is often a concern [1]. Determining the extent and distribution of genetic Rec