Sizing Up Allometric Scaling Theory 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Sizing Up Allometric Scaling Theory 英文参考文献.doc

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Sizing Up Allometric Scaling Theory 英文参考文献

SizingUpAllometricScalingTheory VanM.Savage.,EricJ.Deeds.,WalterFontana* DepartmentofSystemsBiology,HarvardMedicalSchool,Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Metabolic rate, heart rate, lifespan, and many other physiological properties vary with body mass in systematic and interrelated ways. Present empirical data suggest that these scaling relationships take the form of power laws with exponentsthataresimplemultiplesofonequarter.Acompellingexplanationofthisobservationwasputforwardadecade agoby West, Brown,andEnquist (WBE). Their framework elucidates thelink between metabolic rateand body mass by focusing on the dynamics and structure of resource distribution networks—the cardiovascular system in the case of mammals. Within this framework the WBE model is based on eight assumptions from which it derives the well-known observedscalingexponentof3/4.Inthispaperweclarifythatthisresultonlyholdsinthelimitofinfinitenetworksize(body mass)andthattheactualexponentpredictedbythemodeldependsonthesizesoftheorganismsbeingstudied.Failureto clarifyandtoexplorethenatureofthisapproximationhasledtodebatesabouttheWBEmodelthatwereatcrosspurposes. We compute analytical expressions for thefinite-size corrections tothe 3/4 exponent, resulting in aspectrum of scaling exponentsasafunctionofabsolutenetworksize.Whenaccountingforthesecorrectionsoverasizerangespanningthe eightordersofmagnitudeobservedinmammals,theWBEmodelpredictsascalingexponentof0.81,seeminglyatodds withdata.Wethenproceedtostudythesensitivityofthescalingexponentwithrespecttovariationsinseveralassumptions thatunderlietheWBEmodel,alwaysinthecontextoffinite-sizecorrections.Heretoo,thetrendswederivefromthemodel seematoddswithtrendsdetectableinempiricaldata.OurworkillustratestheutilityoftheWBEframeworkinreasoning aboutallometricscaling,whileatthesametimesuggestingthatthecurrentcanonicalmodelmayneedamendmentsto bringitspredictionsfullyinlinewithavailabledatasets. Citation:SavageVM,DeedsEJ,FontanaW(2008)SizingUpAllom