Skewed distribution of proinflammatory CD4+CD28null T cells in rheumatoid arthritis 英文参考文献.docVIP

Available online /content/9/5/R87 Research article Open Access Vol 9 No 5 Skewed distribution of proinflammatory CD4+CD28null T cells in rheumatoid arthritis Andreas ER Fasth1, Omri Snir1, Anna AT Johansson1, Birgitta Nordmark1, Afsar Rahbar2, Erik af Klint1, Niklas K Bj?rkstr?m3, Ann-Kristin Ulfgren1, Ronald F van Vollenhoven1, Vivianne Malmstr?m1* and Christina Trollmo1* 1Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden 2Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden 3Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden * Contributed equally Corresponding author: Vivianne Malmstr?m, Vivianne.Malmstrom@ki.se Received: 24 Jun 2007 Revisions requested: 31 Jul 2007 Revisions received: 23 Aug 2007 Accepted: 7 Sep 2007 Published: 7 Sep 2007 Arthritis Research Therapy 2007, 9:R87 (doi:10.1186/ar2286) This article is online at: /content/9/5/R87 ? 2007 Fasth et al., licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Expanded populations of CD4+ T cells lacking the co- stimulatory molecule CD28 (CD4+CD28null T cells) have been reported in several inflammatory disorders. In rheumatoid arthritis, increased frequencies of CD4+CD28null T cells in infrequent in the synovial membrane and synovial fluid, despite significant frequencies in the circulation. Strikingly, the dominant TCR-Vβ subsets of CD4+CD28null T cells in peripheral blood were often absent in synovial fluid. CD4+CD28null T cells in peripheral blood have previously been associated with extra- ar