Social Transmission of Avoidance Behavior under Situational Change in Learned and Unlearned Rats 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Social Transmission of Avoidance Behavior under Situational Change in Learned and Unlearned Rats 英文参考文献.doc

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Social Transmission of Avoidance Behavior under Situational Change in Learned and Unlearned Rats 英文参考文献

SocialTransmissionofAvoidanceBehaviorunder SituationalChangeinLearnedandUnlearnedRats AkiraMasuda,ShujiAou* DepartmentofBrainScienceandEngineering,KyushuInstituteofTechnology,Kitakyushu,Japan Abstract Background: Rats receive information from other conspecifics by observation or other types of social interaction. Such social interaction may contribute to the effective adaptation to changes of environment such as situational switching. Learningtoavoiddangerousplacesorobjectsrapidlyoccurswithevenasingleconditioningsession,andtheconditioned memory tends to be sustained over long periods. The avoidance is important for adaptation, but the details of the conditionsunder whichthesocial transmissionofavoidanceisformedareunknown.Wedemonstratethattheprevious experienceofavoidancelearningisimportantfortheformationofbehaviorsforsocialtransmissionofavoidanceandthat the experienced rats adapt to a change of situation determined by the presence or absence of aversive stimuli. We systematically investigated social influence on avoidance behavior using a passive avoidance test in a light/dark two- compartmentapparatus. Methodology/Principal Findings: Rats were divided into two groups, one receiving foot shocks and another with no aversive experience in a dark compartment. Experienced and inexperienced rats were further divided into subjects and partners. In Experiment 1, each subject experienced (1) interaction with an experienced partner, (2) interaction with an inexperienced partner, or (3) no interaction. In Experiment 2, each subject experienced interaction with a partner that receivedashock.Theenteringlatencytoalightcompartmentwasmeasured.Theavoidancebehaviorofexperiencedrats was inhibited by interaction with inexperienced or experienced partners in asafely-changed situation. The avoidance of experienced rats was reinstated in a dangerously-changed situation by interaction with shocked rats. In contrast, the inexperiencedratswerenotaffectedbyanysocialcircumstances. Conclusi