Speciation in the Deep Sea Multi-Locus Analysis of Divergence and Gene Flow between Two Hybridizing Species of Hydrothermal Vent Mussels 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Speciation in the Deep Sea Multi-Locus Analysis of Divergence and Gene Flow between Two Hybridizing Species of Hydrothermal Vent Mussels 英文参考文献.doc

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Speciation in the Deep Sea Multi-Locus Analysis of Divergence and Gene Flow between Two Hybridizing Species of Hydrothermal Vent Mussels 英文参考文献

SpeciationintheDeepSea:Multi-LocusAnalysisof DivergenceandGeneFlowbetweenTwoHybridizing SpeciesofHydrothermalVentMussels BaptisteFaure1,2,3,4*,DidierJollivet1,2,ArnaudTanguy1,2,Franc?oisBonhomme3,4,NicolasBierne3,4 1UPMC,StationBiologiquedeRoscoff,Roscoff,France,2CNRSUMR7144,StationBiologiquedeRoscoff,Roscoff,France,3Universite′ MontpellierII,Montpellier,France, 4CNRSUMR5554,InstitutdesSciencesdel’Evolution,StationMe′diterrane′enne del’environnementlittoral,Se`te, France Abstract Background:Reconstructingthehistoryofdivergenceandgeneflowbetweenclosely-relatedorganismshaslongbeena difficulttaskofevolutionarygenetics.Recently,newapproachesbasedonthecoalescencetheoryhavebeendevelopedto testtheexistenceofgeneflowduringtheprocessofdivergence.Thedeepseaisamotivatingplacetoapplythesenew approaches. Differentiation by adaptation can be driven by the heterogeneity of the hydrothermal environment while populationsshouldnothavebeenstronglyperturbedbyclimaticoscillations,themaincauseofgeographicisolationatthe surface. Methodology/Principal Finding: Samples of DNA sequences were obtained for seven nuclear loci and a mitochondrial locusinordertoconductamulti-locusanalysisofdivergenceandgeneflowbetweentwocloselyrelatedandhybridizing speciesofhydrothermalventmussels,BathymodiolusazoricusandB.puteoserpentis.Theanalysisrevealedthat(i)thetwo specieshavestartedtodivergeapproximately0.760millionyearsago,(ii)theB.azoricuspopulationsizewas2to5time greaterthantheB.puteoserpentisandtheancestralpopulationand(iii)geneflowbetweenthetwospeciesoccurredover thecompletespeciesrangeandwasmainlyasymmetric,atleastforthechromosomalregionsstudied. Conclusions/Significance: A long history of gene flow has been detected between the two Bathymodiolus species. However,itprovedverydifficulttoconclusivelydistinguishsecondaryintrogressionfromongoingparapatricdifferentiation. As powerful as coalescence approaches could be, we are left by the fact that natural populations often deviates from st