Spatio-Temporal Credit Assignment in Neuronal Population Learning 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Spatio-Temporal Credit Assignment in Neuronal Population Learning 英文参考文献.doc

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Spatio-Temporal Credit Assignment in Neuronal Population Learning 英文参考文献

Spatio-TemporalCreditAssignmentinNeuronal PopulationLearning JohannesFriedrich,RobertUrbanczik,WalterSenn* DepartmentofPhysiology,UniversityofBern,Bern,Switzerland Abstract Inlearningfromtrialanderror,animalsneedtorelatebehavioraldecisionstoenvironmentalreinforcementeventhoughit may be difficult to assign credit to a particular decision when outcomes are uncertain or subject to delays. When considering the biophysical basis of learning, the credit-assignment problem is compounded because the behavioral decisions themselves result from the spatio-temporal aggregation of many synaptic releases. We present a model of plasticity induction for reinforcement learning in a population of leaky integrate and fire neurons which is based on a cascadeofsynapticmemorytraces.Eachsynapticcascadecorrelatespresynapticinputfirstwithpostsynapticevents,next with the behavioral decisions and finally with external reinforcement. For operant conditioning, learning succeeds even whenreinforcementisdeliveredwithadelaysolargethattemporalcontiguitybetweendecisionandpertinentrewardis lost due to intervening decisions which are themselves subject to delayed reinforcement. This shows that the model providesaviablemechanismfortemporalcreditassignment.Further,learningspeedsupwithincreasingpopulationsize,so theplasticitycascadesimultaneouslyaddressesthespatialproblemofassigningcredittosynapsesindifferentpopulation neurons.Simulationsonothertasks,suchassequentialdecisionmaking,servetocontrasttheperformanceoftheproposed scheme to that of temporal difference-based learning. We argue that, due to their comparative robustness, synaptic plasticitycascadesareattractivebasicmodelsofreinforcementlearninginthebrain. Citation: Friedrich J, Urbanczik R, Senn W (2011) Spatio-Temporal Credit Assignment in Neuronal Population Learning. PLoS Comput Biol 7(6): e1002092. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002092 Editor:BorisS.Gutkin,E′coleNormaleSupe′rieure,CollegedeFrance,CNRS,France ReceivedNovember10,2010;AcceptedMay2,2